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Journal of Virology, September 1999, p. 7734-7744, Vol. 73, No. 9
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) from Sun-Tailed Monkeys (Cercopithecus solatus): Evidence for Host-Dependent Evolution of SIV within the C. lhoesti Superspecies

Brigitte E. Beer,1 Elizabeth Bailes,2 Robert Goeken,1 George Dapolito,1 Cheik Coulibaly,3 Stephen G. Norley,3 Reinhard Kurth,3 Jean-Pierre Gautier,4 Annie Gautier-Hion,4 Dominique Vallet,4 Paul M. Sharp,2 and Vanessa M. Hirsch1,*

Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 208521; Institute of Genetics, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom2; Paul-Ehrlich-Institute, 63225 Langen, Germany3; and UMR 6552 (CNRS), Station Biologique, 35380 Paimpont, France4

Received 16 March 1999/Accepted 27 May 1999

Recently we reported the characterization of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVlhoest) from a central African l'hoest monkey (Cercopithecus lhoesti lhoesti) that revealed a distant relationship to SIV isolated from a mandrill (SIVmnd). The present report describes a novel SIV (SIVsun) isolated from a healthy, wild-caught sun-tailed monkey (Cercopithecus lhoesti solatus), another member of the l'hoest superspecies. SIVsun replicated in a variety of human T-cell lines and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of macaques (Macaca spp.) and patas monkeys (Erythrocebus patas). A full-length infectious clone of SIVsun was derived, and genetic analysis revealed that SIVsun was most closely related to SIVlhoest, with an amino acid identity of 71% in Gag, 73% in Pol, and 67% in Env. This degree of similarity is reminiscent of that observed between SIVagm isolates from vervet, grivet, and tantalus species of African green monkeys. The close relationship between SIVsun and SIVlhoest, despite their geographically distinct habitats, is consistent with evolution from a common ancestor, providing further evidence for the ancient nature of the primate lentivirus family. In addition, this observation leads us to suggest that the SIVmnd lineage should be designated the SIVlhoest lineage.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: LMM, NIAID, NIH, 12441 Parklawn Dr., Rockville, MD 20852. Phone: (301) 496-2976. Fax: (301) 480-2618. E-mail: vhirsch{at}nih.gov.

Journal of Virology, September 1999, p. 7734-7744, Vol. 73, No. 9
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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