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Journal of Virology, September 1999, p. 7278-7286, Vol. 73, No. 9
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Functionally Heterogeneous CD8+ T-Cell Memory Is Induced by Sendai Virus Infection of Mice

Edward J. Usherwood,1 Robert J. Hogan,1 Graham Crowther,1,dagger Sherri L. Surman,1 Twala L. Hogg,1 John D. Altman,2 and David L. Woodland1,3,*

Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 381031; Emory Vaccine Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 303222; and Department of Pathology, University of Tennessee Medical Center, Memphis, Tennessee 381633

Received 15 April 1999/Accepted 15 June 1999

It has recently been established that memory CD8+ T cells induced by viral infection are maintained at unexpectedly high frequencies in the spleen. While it has been established that these memory cells are phenotypically heterogeneous, relatively little is known about the functional status of these cells. Here we investigated the proliferative potential of CD8+ memory T cells induced by Sendai virus infection. High frequencies of CD8+ T cells specific for both dominant and subdominant Sendai virus epitopes persisted for many weeks after primary infection, and these cells were heterogeneous with respect to CD62L expression (approximately 20% CD62Lhi and 80% CD62Llo). Reactivation of these cells with the antigenic peptide in vitro induced strong proliferation of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells. However, approximately 20% of the cells failed to proliferate in vitro in response to a cognate peptide but nevertheless differentiated into effector cells and acquired full cytotoxic potential. These cells also expressed high levels of CD62L (in marked contrast to the CD62Llo status of the proliferating cells in the culture). Direct isolation of CD62Lhi and CD62Llo CD8+ T cells from memory mice confirmed the correlation of this marker with proliferative potential. Taken together, these data demonstrate that Sendai virus infection induces high frequencies of memory CD8+ T cells that are highly heterogeneous in terms of both their phenotype and their proliferative potential.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105. Phone: (901) 495-2462. Fax: (901) 495-3107. E-mail: david.woodland{at}stjude.org.

dagger Present address: Department of Biology and Biochemistry, The University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom.

Journal of Virology, September 1999, p. 7278-7286, Vol. 73, No. 9
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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