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Journal of Virology, August 1999, p. 7008-7013, Vol. 73, No. 8
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Interleukin-16 Inhibits Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Entry and Replication in Macrophages and in Dendritic Cells

Marie-Jose Truong, Edith C. A. Darcissac, Emmanuel Hermann, Joelle Dewulf, Andre Capron, and George M. Bahr*

Institut Pasteur de Lille, INSERM U167, 59019 Lille Cedex, France

Received 25 February 1999/Accepted 19 April 1999

Recombinant interleukin-16 (rIL-16) has been found to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication in acutely or endogenously infected CD4+ T cells. However, the effect of rIL-16 on HIV-1 replication in antigen-presenting cells (APCs) is still unknown. We show here a potent HIV-suppressive activity of rIL-16 in acutely infected monocyte-derived macrophages and dendritic cells determined by the levels of viral RNA transcripts or of viral reverse transcriptase in culture supernatants. The observed effect was dependent on the presence of rIL-16 early after infection and could not be induced by a 24-h treatment of cells with the cytokine prior to infection. Using macrophage-tropic and dually tropic primary isolates, we also showed that the addition of rIL-16 to cell cultures only during the infection period was effective in blocking virus entry and reducing proviral DNA levels in APCs. However, the anti-HIV activity of rIL-16 could not be linked to the induction of virus-suppressive concentrations of beta -chemokines or to the inhibition of HIV-enhancing cytokines. These findings establish a critical role for rIL-16 in protecting APCs against HIV-1 infection and lend further support to its potential use in the treatment of HIV disease.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institut Pasteur de Lille, INSERM U167, 1 rue du Professeur Calmette, 59019 Lille Cedex, France. Phone: 33-320877168. Fax: 33-320877292. E-mail: georges.bahr{at}pasteur-lille.fr.

Journal of Virology, August 1999, p. 7008-7013, Vol. 73, No. 8
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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