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Journal of Virology, August 1999, p. 6903-6915, Vol. 73, No. 8
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

A Recombinant Measles Vaccine Virus Expressing Wild-Type Glycoproteins: Consequences for Viral Spread and Cell Tropism

Ian C. D. Johnston,dagger V. ter Meulen, Jürgen Schneider-Schaulies, and Sibylle Schneider-Schaulies*

Institute of Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany

Received 2 February 1999/Accepted 11 May 1999

Wild-type, lymphotropic strains of measles virus (MV) and tissue culture-adapted MV vaccine strains possess different cell tropisms. This observation has led to attempts to identify the viral receptors and to characterize the functions of the MV glycoproteins. We have functionally analyzed the interactions of MV hemagglutinin (H) and fusion (F) proteins of vaccine (Edmonston) and wild-type (WTF) strains in different combinations in transfected cells. Cell-cell fusion occurs when both Edmonston F and H proteins are expressed in HeLa or Vero cells. The expression of WTF glycoproteins in HeLa cells did not result in syncytia, yet they fused efficiently with cells of lymphocytic origin. To further investigate the role of the MV glycoproteins in virus cell entry and also the role of other viral proteins in cell tropism, we generated recombinant vaccine MVs containing one or both glycoproteins from WTF. These viruses were viable and grew similarly in lymphocytic cells. Recombinant viruses expressing the WTFH protein showed a restricted spread in HeLa cells but spread efficiently in Vero cells. Parental WTF remained restricted in both cell types. Therefore, not only differential receptor usage but also other cell-specific factors are important in determining MV cell tropism.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institute of Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Versbacher Str. 7, 97078 Würzburg, Germany. Phone: 49-931-201-3895. Fax: 49-931-201-3934. E-mail: s-s-s{at}vim.uni-wuerzburg.de.

dagger Present address: Miltenyi Biotech GmbH, 51429 Bergisch Gladbach, Germany.

Journal of Virology, August 1999, p. 6903-6915, Vol. 73, No. 8
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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