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Journal of Virology, August 1999, p. 6251-6256, Vol. 73, No. 8
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Pathogenesis of Borna Disease Virus: Granulocyte
Fractions of Psychiatric Patients Harbor Infectious Virus in the
Absence of Antiviral Antibodies
Oliver
Planz,1,*
Christine
Rentzsch,1
Anil
Batra,2
Arvind
Batra,1
Tanja
Winkler,1
Mathias
Büttner,1
Hanns-Joachim
Rziha,1 and
Lothar
Stitz1
Institut für Immunologie,
Bundesforschungsanstalt für Viruskrankheiten der
Tiere,1 and Klinik für
Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universität
Tübingen,2 Tübingen, Germany
Received 1 March 1999/Accepted 19 April 1999
Borna disease virus (BDV) causes acute and persistent infections in
various vertebrates. During recent years, BDV-specific serum
antibodies, BDV antigen, and BDV-specific nucleic acid were found in
humans suffering from psychiatric disorders. Furthermore, viral antigen
was detected in human autopsy brain tissue by immunohistochemical staining. Whether BDV infection can be associated with psychiatric disorders is still a matter of debate; no direct evidence has ever been
presented. In the present study we report on (i) the detection of
BDV-specific nucleic acid in human granulocyte cell fraction from three
different psychiatric patients and (ii) the isolation of infectious BDV
from these cells obtained from a patient with multiple psychiatric
disorders. In leukocyte preparations other than granulocytes, either no
BDV RNA was detected or positive PCR results were obtained only if
there was at least 20% contamination with granulocytes. Parts of the
antigenome of the isolated virus were sequenced, demonstrating the
close relationship to the prototype BDV strains (He/80 and strain V) as
well as to other human virus sequences. Our data provide strong
evidence that cells in the granulocyte fraction represent the major if
not the sole cell type harboring BDV-specific nucleic acid in human
blood and contain infectious virus. In contrast to most other reports
of putative human isolates, where sequences are virtually identical to
those of the established laboratory strains, this isolate shows
divergence in the region previously defined as variable in BDV from
naturally infected animals.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institut
für Immunologie, Bundesforschungsanstalt für
Viruskrankheiten der Tiere, Paul Ehrlich Str. 28, 72076 Tübingen,
Germany. Phone: 49 7071 967 254. Fax: 49 7071 967 105. E-mail:
oliver.planz{at}tue.bfav.de.
Journal of Virology, August 1999, p. 6251-6256, Vol. 73, No. 8
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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