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Journal of Virology, July 1999, p. 6024-6030, Vol. 73, No. 7
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Ebola Virus Can Be Effectively Neutralized by Antibody Produced in Natural Human Infection

Toshiaki Maruyama,1 Luis L. Rodriguez,2,dagger Peter B. Jahrling,3 Anthony Sanchez,2 Ali S. Khan,2 Stuart T. Nichol,2 C. J. Peters,2 Paul W. H. I. Parren,1 and Dennis R. Burton1,*

Departments of Immunology and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 920371; Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 303332; and Pathology Division, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland 217023

Received 11 January 1999/Accepted 6 April 1999

The activity of antibodies against filoviruses is poorly understood but has important consequences for vaccine design and passive prophylaxis. To investigate this activity, a panel of recombinant human monoclonal antibodies to Ebola virus antigens was isolated from phage display libraries constructed from RNA from donors who recovered from infection in the 1995 Ebola virus outbreak in Kikwit, Democratic Republic of Congo. Antibodies reactive with nucleoprotein (NP), envelope glycoprotein (GP), and secreted envelope glycoprotein (sGP) were characterized by immunofluorescence and radioimmunoprecipitation assays. Four antibodies reacting strongly with sGP and weakly with GP and two antibodies reacting with NP were not neutralizing. An antibody specific for GP neutralized Ebola virus to 50% at 0.4 µg/ml as the recombinant Fab fragment and to 50% at 0.3 µg/ml (90% at 2.6 µg/ml) as the corresponding whole immunoglobulin G1 molecule. The studies indicate that neutralizing antibodies are produced in infection by Ebola virus although probably at a relatively low frequency. The neutralizing antibody may be useful in vaccine design and as a prophylactic agent against Ebola virus infection.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Immunology, IMM2, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA 92037. Phone: (619) 784-9298. Fax: (619) 784-8360. E-mail: burton{at}scripps.edu.

dagger Present address: USDA Agricultural Research Service, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Greenport, NY 11944.

Journal of Virology, July 1999, p. 6024-6030, Vol. 73, No. 7
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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