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Journal of Virology, July 1999, p. 5431-5437, Vol. 73, No. 7
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Identification of a Cytoplasmic Targeting/Retention Signal in a Retroviral Gag Polyprotein

Gyu Choi,1 Sunyoung Park,1 Bongkun Choi,1 Suntaek Hong,1 Jiyeon Lee,1 Eric Hunter,2 and Sung S. Rhee1,*

Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea,1 and Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 352942

Received 19 January 1999/Accepted 24 March 1999

Retroviral capsid assembly can occur by either of two distinct morphogenic processes: in type C viruses, the capsid assembles and buds at the plasma membrane, while in type B and D viruses, the capsid assembles within the cytoplasm and is then transported to the plasma membrane for budding. We have previously reported that a single-amino-acid substitution of a tryptophan for an arginine in the matrix protein (MA) of Mason-Pfizer monkey virus (MPMV) converts its capsid assembly from that of a type D retrovirus to that of the type C viruses (S. S. Rhee and E. Hunter, Cell 63:77-86, 1990). Here we identify a region of 18 amino acids within the MA of MPMV that is responsible for type D-specific morphogenesis. Insertion of these 18 amino acids into the MA of type C Moloney murine leukemia virus causes it to assemble an immature capsid in the cytoplasm. Furthermore, fusion of the MPMV MA to the green fluorescent protein resulted in altered intracellular targeting and a punctate accumulation of the fusion protein in the cytoplasm. These 18 amino acids, which are necessary and sufficient to target retroviral Gag polyproteins to defined sites in the cytoplasm, appear to define a novel mammalian cytoplasmic targeting/retention signal.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Kangnam-Ku, Ilwon-Dong 50, Seoul 135-230, Korea. Phone: 82-2-3410-3632. Fax: 82-2-3410-3649. E-mail: ssrhee{at}smc.samsung.co.kr.

Journal of Virology, July 1999, p. 5431-5437, Vol. 73, No. 7
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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