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Journal of Virology, April 1999, p. 2710-2716, Vol. 73, No. 4
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Mapping the Genetic Determinants of Pathogenicity and Plaque Phenotype in Swine Vesicular Disease Virus

Toru Kanno,1,* David Mackay,2 Toru Inoue,1 Ginette Wilsden,2 Makoto Yamakawa,1 Reiko Yamazoe,1 Shigeo Yamaguchi,1,dagger Junsuke Shirai,1 Paul Kitching,2 and Yosuke Murakami1

Department of Exotic Disease, National Institute of Animal Health, 6-20-1, Josuihoncho, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-0022, Japan,1 and Institute for Animal Health, Pirbright Laboratory, Pirbright, Woking, Surrey GU24 0NF, United Kingdom2

Received 7 October 1998/Accepted 28 December 1998

A series of recombinant viruses were constructed using infectious cDNA clones of the virulent J1'73 (large plaque phenotype) and the avirulent H/3'76 (small plaque phenotype) strains of swine vesicular disease virus to identify the genetic determinants of pathogenicity and plaque phenotype. Both traits could be mapped to the region between nucleotides (nt) 2233 and 3368 corresponding to the C terminus of VP3, the whole of VP1, and the N terminus of 2A. In this region, there are eight nucleotide differences leading to amino acid changes between the J1'73 and the H/3'76 strains. Site-directed mutagenesis of individual nucleotides from the virulent to the avirulent genotype and vice versa indicated that A at nt 2832, encoding glycine at VP1-132, and G at nt 3355, encoding arginine at 2APRO-20, correlated with a large-plaque phenotype and virulence in pigs, irrespective of the origin of the remainder of the genome. Of these two sites, 2APRO-20 appeared to be the dominant determinant for the large-plaque phenotype but further studies are required to elucidate their relative importance for virulence in pigs.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Exotic Disease, National Institute of Animal Health, 6-20-1, Josuihoncho, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-0022 Japan. Phone: 42-321-1441. Fax: 42-325-5122. E-mail: kannot{at}ed.affrc.go.jp

dagger Present address: Department of Virology, National Institute of Animal Health, 3-1-1, Kannondai, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan.

Journal of Virology, April 1999, p. 2710-2716, Vol. 73, No. 4
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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