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Journal of Virology, April 1999, p. 2667-2674, Vol. 73, No. 4
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Vif and the p55Gag Polyprotein of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Are Present in Colocalizing Membrane-Free Cytoplasmic Complexes

James H. M. Simon,1 Elise A. Carpenter,2 Ron A. M. Fouchier,2 and Michael H. Malim1,2,3,*

Howard Hughes Medical Institute2 and Departments of Microbiology1 and Medicine,3 University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6148

Received 30 July 1998/Accepted 9 December 1998

The Vif protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is a potent regulator of viral infectivity. Current data posit that Vif functions late in replication to modulate assembly, budding, and/or maturation. Consistent with this model, earlier indirect immunofluorescence analyses of HIV-1-infected cells demonstrated that Vif and Gag colocalize to a substantial degree (J. H. M. Simon, R. A. M. Fouchier, T. E. Southerling, C. B. Guerra, C. K. Grant, and M. H. Malim, J. Virol. 71:5259-5267, 1997). Here, we describe a series of subcellular fractionation studies which indicate that Vif and the p55Gag polyprotein are present in membrane-free cytoplasmic complexes that copurify in sucrose density gradients and are stable in nonionic detergents. Both Vif and Gag are targeted to these complexes independent of each other, and their association with them appears to be mediated by protein-protein interactions. We propose that these complexes may represent viral assembly intermediates and that Vif is appropriately localized to influence the final stages of the viral life cycle and, therefore, the infectivity of progeny virions.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Departments of Microbiology and Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Clinical Research Bldg., Room 347B, 415 Curie Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104-6148. Phone: (215) 573-3493. Fax: (215) 573-2172. E-mail: malim{at}mail.med.upenn.edu.

Journal of Virology, April 1999, p. 2667-2674, Vol. 73, No. 4
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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