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Journal of Virology, March 1999, p. 1809-1817, Vol. 73, No. 3
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Functional Interactions of the HHCC Domain of Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus Integrase Revealed by Nonoverlapping Complementation and Zinc-Dependent Dimerization

Fan Yang,1 Oscar Leon,2 Norma J. Greenfield,3 and Monica J. Roth1,*

Department of Biochemistry1 and Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology,3 University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, and Instituto de Bioquimica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile2

Received 6 August 1998/Accepted 9 December 1998

The retroviral integrase (IN) is required for the integration of viral DNA into the host genome. The N terminus of IN contains an HHCC zinc finger-like motif, which is conserved among all retroviruses. To study the function of the HHCC domain of Moloney murine leukemia virus IN, the first N-terminal 105 residues were expressed independently. This HHCC domain protein is found to complement a completely nonoverlapping construct lacking the HHCC domain for strand transfer, 3' processing and coordinated disintegration reactions, revealing trans interactions among IN domains. The HHCC domain protein binds zinc at a 1:1 ratio and changes its conformation upon binding to zinc. The presence of zinc within the HHCC domain stimulates selective integration processes. Zinc promotes the dimerization of the HHCC domain and protects it from N-ethylmaleimide modification. These studies dissect and define the requirement for the HHCC domain, the exact function of which remains unknown.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 675 Hoes Ln., Piscataway, NJ 08854. Phone: (732) 235-5048. Fax: (732) 235-4783. E-mail: Roth{at}waksman.rutgers.edu.

Journal of Virology, March 1999, p. 1809-1817, Vol. 73, No. 3
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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