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Journal of Virology, February 1999, p. 1066-1074, Vol. 73, No. 2
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Interaction of Poliovirus with Its Receptor Affords
a High Level of Infectivity to the Virion in Poliovirus Infections
Mediated by the Fc Receptor
Minetaro
Arita,1
Hitoshi
Horie,2
Mineo
Arita,3 and
Akio
Nomoto1,*
Department of Microbiology, The Institute of
Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo
108-8639,1
Japan Poliomyelitis Research
Institute, Higashimurayama, Tokyo 189-0003,2 and
Department of Viral Disease and Vaccine Control, National
Institute of Health, Musashimurayama, Tokyo
208-0011,3 Japan
Received 17 August 1998/Accepted 21 October 1998
Poliovirus infects susceptible cells through the poliovirus
receptor (PVR), which functions to bind virus and to change its conformation. These two activities are thought to be necessary for
efficient poliovirus infection. How binding and conformation conversion
activities contribute to the establishment of poliovirus infection was
investigated. Mouse L cells expressing mouse high-affinity Fc
receptor molecules were established and used to study poliovirus infection mediated by mouse antipoliovirus monoclonal antibodies (MAbs)
(immunoglobulin G2a [IgG2a] subtypes) or PVR-IgG2a, a chimeric molecule consisting of the extracellular moiety of PVR and the hinge
and Fc portion of mouse IgG2a. The antibodies and PVR-IgG2a showed the
same degree of affinity for poliovirus, but the infectivities mediated
by these molecules were different. Among the molecules tested,
PVR-IgG2a mediated the infection most efficiently, showing 50- to
100-fold-higher efficiency than that attained with the different MAbs.
A conformational change of poliovirus was induced only by PVR-IgG2a.
These results strongly suggested that some specific interaction(s)
between poliovirus and the PVR is required for high-level infectivity
of poliovirus in this system.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of
Microbiology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of
Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shiroganedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan. Phone:
81-3-5449-5501. Fax: 81-3-5449-5408. E-mail:
anomoto{at}ims.u-tokyo.ac.jp.
Journal of Virology, February 1999, p. 1066-1074, Vol. 73, No. 2
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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