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Journal of Virology, February 1999, p. 1001-1009, Vol. 73, No. 2
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Human Papillomavirus DNA Replication Compartments
in a Transient DNA Replication System
C. Scott
Swindle,1
Nianxiang
Zou,1
Brian A.
Van
Tine,2,3
George M.
Shaw,2,4
Jeffrey A.
Engler,1,* and
Louise T.
Chow1,*
Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular
Genetics,1
Medicine,2 and
Pathology3 and
The Howard
Hughes Medical Institute,4 Schools of Medicine
and Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham,
Alabama
Received 26 May 1998/Accepted 28 October 1998
Many DNA viruses replicate their genomes at nuclear foci in
infected cells. Using indirect immunofluorescence in combination with
fluorescence in situ hybridization, we colocalized the human papillomavirus (HPV) replicating proteins E1 and E2 and the replicating origin-containing plasmid to nuclear foci in transiently transfected cells. The host replication protein A (RP-A) was also colocalized to
these foci. These nuclear structures were identified as active sites of
viral DNA synthesis by bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) pulse-labeling. Unexpectedly, the great majority of RP-A and BrdU incorporation was
found in these HPV replication domains. Furthermore, E1, E2, and
RP-A were also colocalized to nuclear foci in the absence of an
origin-containing plasmid. These observations suggest a spatial
reorganization of the host DNA replication machinery upon HPV DNA
replication or E1 and E2 expression. Alternatively, viral DNA
replication might be targeted to host nuclear domains that are active
during the late S phase, when such domains are limited in number. In a
fraction of cells expressing E1 and E2, the promyelocytic leukemia
protein, a component of nuclear domain 10 (ND10), was either partially
or completely colocalized with E1 and E2. Since ND10 structures were
recently hypothesized to be sites of bovine papillomavirus virion
assembly, our observation suggests that HPV DNA amplification might be
partially coupled to virion assembly.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address for Jeffrey A. Engler: University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, 1918 University Blvd., Birmingham, AL 35294-0005. Phone: (205) 934-4734. Fax: (205) 934-0758. E-mail: jengler{at}uab.edu. Mailing address for Louise T. Chow:
University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Biochemistry and
Molecular Genetics, 1918 University Blvd., Birmingham, AL
35294-0005. Phone: (205) 975-8300. Fax: (205) 975-6075. E-mail:
ltchow{at}uab.edu.
Journal of Virology, February 1999, p. 1001-1009, Vol. 73, No. 2
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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