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Journal of Virology, October 1999, p. 8308-8319, Vol. 73, No. 10
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Regulation of Adenovirus-Mediated Transgene
Expression by the Viral E4 Gene Products: Requirement for E4
ORF3
M.
Lusky,*
L.
Grave,
A.
Dieterlé,
D.
Dreyer,
M.
Christ,
C.
Ziller,
P.
Furstenberger,
J.
Kintz,
D.
Ali Hadji,
A.
Pavirani, and
M.
Mehtali*
TRANSGENE S.A., 67085 Strasbourg, France
Received 3 March 1999/Accepted 12 July 1999
In a previous study we showed that multiple deletions of the
adenoviral regulatory E1/E3/E4 or E1/E3/E2A genes did not influence the
in vivo persistence of the viral genome or affect the antiviral host
immune response (Lusky et al., J. Virol. 72:2022-2032, 1998). In
this study, the influence of the adenoviral E4 region on the strength
and persistence of transgene expression was evaluated by using as a
model system the human cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance
regulator (CFTR) cDNA transcribed from the cytomegalovirus (CMV)
promoter. We show that the viral E4 region is indispensable for
persistent expression from the CMV promoter in vitro and in vivo, with,
however, a tissue-specific modulation of E4 function(s). In the liver,
E4 open reading frame 3 (ORF3) was necessary and sufficient to
establish and maintain CFTR expression. In addition, the E4
ORF3-dependent activation of transgene expression was enhanced in the
presence of either E4 ORF4 or E4 ORF6 and ORF6/7. In the lung,
establishment of transgene expression was independent of the E4 gene
products but maintenance of stable transgene expression required E4
ORF3 together with either E4 ORF4 or E4 ORF6 and ORF6/7. Nuclear run-on
experiments showed that initiation of transcription from the CMV
promoter was severely reduced in the absence of E4 functions but could
be partially restored in the presence of either ORF3 and ORF4 or ORFs 1 through 4. These results imply a direct involvement of some of the
E4-encoded proteins in the transcriptional regulation of heterologous
transgenes. We also report that C57BL/6 mice are immunologically weakly
responsive to the human CFTR protein. This observation implies that
such mice may constitute attractive hosts for the in vivo evaluation of
vectors for cystic fibrosis gene therapy.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Transgène
S.A., 11 rue de Molsheim, 67085 Strasbourg, France. Phone: 33 388 27 91 00. Fax: 33 388 27 91 11. E-mail for M. Mehtali:
mehtali{at}transgene.fr. E-mail for M. Lusky:
lusky{at}transgene.fr.
Journal of Virology, October 1999, p. 8308-8319, Vol. 73, No. 10
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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