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Journal of Virology, October 1999, p. 8245-8255, Vol. 73, No. 10
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Perturbation of Cell Cycle Progression and Cellular Gene Expression as a Function of Herpes Simplex Virus ICP0

William E. Hobbs II and Neal A. DeLuca*

Department of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261

Received 11 May 1999/Accepted 13 July 1999

Herpes simplex virus type 1 is capable of inhibiting host cell DNA synthesis following lytic infection. However, the mechanism and nature of potential effects on cell cycle progression have not been described. In this report, we characterize the dysregulation of the cell cycle following infection with the replication-incompetent virus d106, where immediate-early gene expression is restricted to infected-cell polypeptide 0 (ICP0) and the expression of all other viral genes is dramatically reduced or is not observed. Infection with d106 resulted in the accumulation of cells in both the G1/S and G2/M compartments, consistent with cell cycle arrest at both checkpoints. The isogenic variant d109, which does not express any viral proteins, failed to induce this phenotype, suggesting that the expression of ICP0 is crucial for cell cycle arrest. Analysis of global cellular gene expression patterns following infection with d106 and d109 revealed that a relatively small subset of cellular genes were induced as a consequence of ICP0 expression. A number of these genes induced in the presence of ICP0 are classically considered p53-responsive genes, including p21, gadd45, and mdm-2. However, infection with d106 of cells with both alleles of p53 deleted resulted in the same cell cycle arrest phenotype and similar cellular gene expression patterns, suggesting that the expression of ICP0 results in cell cycle arrest potentially via p53-dependent and p53-independent mechanisms. In addition, it was found that the effects of infection with d106 on viral and cellular gene expression were similar to the effects observed following treatment of cells with the histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: E1257 Biomedical Science Tower, Department of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261. Phone: (412) 648-9947. Fax: (412) 624-0298. E-mail: ndeluca{at}pitt.edu.

Journal of Virology, October 1999, p. 8245-8255, Vol. 73, No. 10
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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