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Journal of Virology, October 1999, p. 7981-7987, Vol. 73, No. 10
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Induction of Bcl-xL Expression by Human T-Cell
Leukemia Virus Type 1 Tax through NF-
B in
Apoptosis-Resistant T-Cell Transfectants with Tax
Tomonori
Tsukahara,1
Mari
Kannagi,1,2,*
Takashi
Ohashi,1
Hirotomo
Kato,1
Masaaki
Arai,3
Gabriel
Nunez,4
Youichi
Iwanaga,3
Naoki
Yamamoto,3
Kiyoshi
Ohtani,5
Masataka
Nakamura,5 and
Masahiro
Fujii6
Department of
Immunotherapeutics1 and Department of
Molecular Virology,3 Medical Research Division,
and Human Gene Sciences Center,5 Tokyo
Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113, CREST, Japan Science
and Technology Corporation, Saitama 332,2 and
Department of Virology, Niigata University School of Medicine,
Niigata 951,6 Japan, and Department
of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor,
Michigan 481094
Received 10 February 1999/Accepted 14 June 1999
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) Tax is thought to play
a pivotal role in immortalization of T cells. We have recently shown
that the expression of Tax protected the mouse T-cell line CTLL-2
against apoptosis induced by interleukin-2 (IL-2) deprivation and
converted its growth from being IL-2 dependent to being IL-2 independent. In this study, we demonstrate that constitutive expression of bcl-xl but not bcl-2, bcl-xs,
bak, bad, or bax was associated with apoptosis resistance after IL-2 deprivation in CTLL-2 cells that
expressed Tax. Transient-transfection assays showed that bcl-x promoter was transactivated by wild-type Tax. Similar
effects were observed in mutant Tax retaining transactivating ability through NF-
B. Deletion or substitution of a putative NF-
B binding site identified in the bcl-x promoter significantly
decreased Tax-induced transactivation. This NF-
B-like element was
able to form a complex with NF-
B family proteins in vitro.
Furthermore, Tax-induced transactivation of the bcl-x
promoter was also diminished by the mutant I
B
, which specifically
inhibits NF-
B activity. Our findings suggest that constitutive
expression of Bcl-xL induced by Tax through the NF-
B
pathway contributes to the inhibition of apoptosis in CTLL-2 cells
after IL-2 deprivation.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of
Immunotherapeutics, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Medical
Research Division, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan. Phone: 81 (3) 5803-5798. Fax: 81 (3) 5803-0235. E-mail:
kann.impt{at}med.tmd.ac.jp.
Journal of Virology, October 1999, p. 7981-7987, Vol. 73, No. 10
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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