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Journal of Virology, January 1999, p. 553-560, Vol. 73, No. 1
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Nuclear Targeting of the Cauliflower Mosaic Virus Coat Protein

Denis Leclerc,1 Yvan Chapdelaine,2 and Thomas Hohn1,*

Friedrich Miescher Institut, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland,1 and Institute for Biological Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0R62

Received 7 May 1998/Accepted 25 September 1998

The entry of the viral genomic DNA of cauliflower mosaic virus into the nucleus is a critical step of viral infection. We have shown by transient expression in plant protoplasts that the viral coat protein (CP), which is processed from the product of open reading frame IV, contains an N-terminal nuclear localization signal (NLS). The NLS is exposed on the surface of the virion and is thus available for interaction with a putative NLS receptor. Phosphorylation of the matured CP did not influence the nuclear localization of the protein but improved protein stability. Mutation of the NLS completely abolished viral infectivity, thus indicating its importance in the virus life cycle. The NLS seems to be regulated by the N terminus of the precapsid, which inhibits its nuclear targeting. This regulation could be important in allowing virus assembly in the cytoplasm.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Friedrich Miescher Institut, P.O. Box 2543, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland. Phone: 41-61-697-6684. Fax: 41-61-697-3976. E-mail: Hohn{at}FMI.CH.

Journal of Virology, January 1999, p. 553-560, Vol. 73, No. 1
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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