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Journal of Virology, September 1998, p. 7697-7702, Vol. 72, No. 9
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

The Nucleolus Is the Site of Borna Disease Virus RNA Transcription and Replication

J. M. Pyper,* J. E. Clements, and M. C. Zink

Division of Comparative Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205

Received 13 February 1998/Accepted 3 June 1998

Borna disease virus (BDV) is a neurotropic nonsegmented negative-strand RNA virus with limited homology to rhabdoviruses and paramyxoviruses. A distinguishing feature of BDV is that it replicates in the nucleus of infected cells. Strand-specific probes used for in situ hybridization of infected rat brain showed that there was differential localization of positive- and negative-strand RNAs within the nucleus of neurons. Within nuclei, sense-strand RNAs were preferentially localized within nucleolar regions while genomic-sense RNAs were found in both nucleolar and nonnucleolar regions. These results suggested a role for the nucleolus in BDV replication. Nucleoli isolated from persistently infected neuroblastoma cells contained both genomic and antigenomic BDV RNA species as well as an enrichment of the 39/38-kDa and gp18 BDV proteins. Since the nucleolus is the site of rRNA transcription, we examined BDV transcription in the presence of inhibitors of RNA polymerase I. Inhibition of RNA polymerase I did not affect levels of BDV transcription.

* Corresponding author. Present address: Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bldg. 9, Rm. 1E127, MSC 0930, Bethesda, MD 20892-0930. Phone: (301) 435-6019. Fax: (301) 435-6021. E-mail: jpyper{at}atlas.niaid.nih.gov.

Journal of Virology, September 1998, p. 7697-7702, Vol. 72, No. 9
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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