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Journal of Virology, September 1998, p. 7294-7301, Vol. 72, No. 9
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Alternative Splicing of the Latency-Related Transcript of Bovine Herpesvirus 1 Yields RNAs Containing Unique Open Reading Frames

Laxminarayana R. Devireddy and Clinton Jones*

Center for Biotechnology, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska---Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583-0905

Received 2 April 1998/Accepted 27 May 1998

The latency-related transcript (LRT) of bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) is the only abundant viral RNA detected during latency. A previous study (A. Hossain, L. M. Schang, and C. Jones, J. Virol. 69:5345-5352, 1995) concluded that splicing of polyadenylated [poly(A)+] and splicing of nonpolyadenylated [poly(A)-] LRT are different. In this study, splice junction sites of LRT were identified. In trigeminal ganglia of acutely infected calves (1, 7, or 15 days postinfection [p.i.]) or in latently infected calves (60 days p.i.), alternative splicing of poly(A)+ LRT occurred. Productive viral gene expression in trigeminal ganglia is readily detected from 2 to 7 days p.i. but not at 15 days p.i. (L. M. Schang and C. Jones, J. Virol. 71:6786-6795, 1997), suggesting that certain aspects of a lytic infection occur in neurons and that these factors influence LRT splicing. Splicing of poly(A)- LRT was also detected in transfected COS-7 cells or infected MDBK cells. DNA sequence analysis of spliced LRT cDNAs, poly(A)+ or poly(A)-, revealed nonconsensus splice signals at exon/intron and intron/exon boundaries. The GC-AG splicing signal utilized by the herpes simplex virus type 1 latency-associated transcript in latently infected mice is also used by LRT in latently infected calves. Taken together, these results led us to hypothesize that (i) poly(A)+ LRT is spliced in trigeminal ganglia by neuron-specific factors, (ii) viral or virus-induced factors participate in splicing, and (iii) alternative splicing of LRT may result in protein isoforms which have novel biological properties.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Center for Biotechnology, Dept. of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska---Lincoln, Fair St. at East Campus Loop, Lincoln, NE 68583-0905. Phone: (402) 472-1890. Fax: (402) 472-9690. E-mail: cj{at}unlinfo.unl.edu.

Journal of Virology, September 1998, p. 7294-7301, Vol. 72, No. 9
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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