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Journal of Virology, September 1998, p. 7115-7124, Vol. 72, No. 9
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

The Polyserine Tract of Herpes Simplex Virus ICP4 Is Required for Normal Viral Gene Expression and Growth in Murine Trigeminal Ganglia

Patricia A. Bates and Neal A. DeLuca*

Department of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261

Received 17 March 1998/Accepted 4 June 1998

ICP4 of herpes simplex virus (HSV) is essential for productive infection due to its central role in the regulation of HSV transcription. This study identified a region of ICP4 that is not required for viral growth in culture or at the periphery of experimentally inoculated mice but is critical for productive growth in the trigeminal ganglia. This region of ICP4 encompasses amino acids 184 to 198 and contains 13 nearly contiguous serine residues that are highly conserved among the alphaherpesviruses. A mutant in which this region is deleted (Delta SER) was able to grow on the corneas of mice and be transported back to the trigeminal ganglia. Delta SER did not grow in the trigeminal ganglia but did express low levels of several immediate-early (ICP4 and ICP27) and early (thymidine kinase [tk] and UL42) genes. It expressed very low levels of the late gC gene and did not appear to replicate DNA. This pattern of gene expression was similar to that observed for a tk mutant, dlsptk. Both Delta SER and dlsptk expressed higher levels of the latency-associated transcript (LAT) per genome earlier in infected ganglia than did the wild-type virus, KOS. However, infected ganglia from all three viruses accumulated the same level of LAT per genome at 30 days postinfection (during latency). The data suggest that the polyserine tract of ICP4 provides an activity that is required for lytic infection in ganglia to progress to viral DNA synthesis and full lytic gene expression. In the absence of this activity, higher levels of LAT per genome accumulate earlier in infection than with wild-type virus.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: E1257 Biomedical Science Tower, Department of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261. Phone: (412) 648-9947. Fax: (412) 624-1401. E-mail: neal{at}hoffman.mgen.pitt.edu.

Journal of Virology, September 1998, p. 7115-7124, Vol. 72, No. 9
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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