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J Virol, August 1998, p. 6671-6677, Vol. 72, No. 8
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Dendritic Cells Transmit Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 to Monocytes and Monocyte-Derived Macrophages

Laco Kacani,1,* Ines Frank,1 Martin Spruth,1 Michael G. Schwendinger,1 Brigitte Müllauer,1 Georg M. Sprinzl,2 Franz Steindl,3 and Manfred P. Dierich1

Institute for Hygiene1 and Department of Ear, Nose, and Throat,2 University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, and Institute of Applied Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Vienna,3 Austria

Received 16 January 1998/Accepted 9 April 1998

Previous studies have shown that human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) exploits dendritic cells (DC) to replicate and spread among CD4+ T cells. To explain the predominance of non-syncytium-inducing (NSI) over syncytium-inducing (SI) strains during the initial viremia of HIV, we investigated the ability of blood monocyte (Mo)-derived DC to transmit HIV-1 to CD4+ cells of the monocytoid lineage. First, we demonstrate that in our system, DC are able to transmit NSI strains, but not SI strains, of HIV-1 to fresh blood Mo and to Mo-derived macrophages (MDM). To establish a productive infection, a 10-fold-lower amount of virus was necessary for DC-mediated transmission of HIV-1 to Mo than in case of cell-free infection. Second, immature CD83- DC (imDC) transmit virus to Mo and MDM with higher efficacy compared to mature CD83+ DC (maDC); this finding is in contrast to data previously obtained with CD4+ T cells. Third, maturation from imDC to maDC efficiently silenced expression of beta 2-integrins CD11b, CD11c, and CD18 by maDC. Moreover, monoclonal antibody against CD18 inhibited transmission of HIV-1 from imDC to Mo. We propose that the adhesion molecules of the CD11/CD18 family, involved in cell-cell interactions of DC with the microenvironment, may play a major role in imDC-mediated HIV-1 infection of Mo and MDM.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institut für Hygiene, Fritz-Pregl-Str. 3, Leopold-Franzens-Universität, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria. Phone: 43-512-507-3422. Fax: 43-512-507-2870. E-mail: Laco.Kacani{at}uibk.ac.at.

J Virol, August 1998, p. 6671-6677, Vol. 72, No. 8
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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