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J Virol, July 1998, p. 6264-6270, Vol. 72, No. 7
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Activation of Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 tax Gene Expression in Chronically Infected T Cells

Hsin-Ching Lin,1,2 Charlene S. Dezzutti,3 Renu B. Lal,3 and Arnold B. Rabson1,2,4,*

Viral Pathogenesis Laboratory, Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine,1 and Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey,2 Piscataway, New Jersey 08854; HIV/Retrovirus Diseases Branch, Division of HIV/AIDS, STD, and Tuberculosis Laboratory Research, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 303333; and Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey 089014

Received 29 July 1997/Accepted 17 April 1998

Expression of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is regulated both by the HTLV-1 Tax transactivator and by cellular transcriptional factors binding to the viral long terminal repeat (LTR), suggesting that cellular signals may play a role in regulating viral expression. Treatment of cells chronically infected with HTLV-1, which express low levels of HTLV-1 RNAs and Tax protein, with phorbol esters (i.e., phorbol12-myristate 13- acetate [PMA]), phytohemagglutinin (PHA), sodium butyrate, or combinations of cytokines resulted in induction of HTLV- 1 gene expression. PMA or PHA treatment following cotransfection of HTLV-1 Tax expression plasmids resulted in synergistic activation of HTLV-1 LTR-directed gene expression, apparently involving tyrosine ki- nase- mediated pathways. These results suggest that cellular activation stimuli may cooperate with HTLV-1 Tax to enhance expression of integrated HTLV-1 genomes and thus may play a role in the pathogenesis of HTLV-1 disease.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: CABM, Rm. 139, 679 Hoes Ln., Piscataway, NJ 08854. Phone: (908) 235-5368. Fax: (908) 235-4850. E-mail: rabson{at}mbcl.rutgers.edu.

J Virol, July 1998, p. 6264-6270, Vol. 72, No. 7
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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