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J Virol, May 1998, p. 4448-4453, Vol. 72, No. 5
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

PITALRE, the Catalytic Subunit of TAK, Is Required for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Tat Transactivation In Vivo

Moses O. Gold, Xinzhen Yang, Christine H. Herrmann, and Andrew P. Rice*

Division of Molecular Virology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas

Received 14 October 1997/Accepted 3 February 1998

The human cdc2-related kinase PITALRE is the catalytic component of TAK, the Tat-associated kinase. Previously, we have proposed that TAK is a cellular factor that mediates Tat transactivation function. Here we demonstrate that transient overexpression of PITALRE specifically squelches Tat-1 activation of both a transfected and an integrated human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) long terminal repeat (LTR), suggesting that PITALRE mediates Tat function as a multiprotein complex. A catalytic mutant of PITALRE, D167N, was found to be more efficient than wild-type PITALRE in squelching Tat transactivation. Neither wild-type PITALRE nor D167N was able to squelch transactivation of the human T-cell leukemia type 1 LTR by the Tax protein. Additionally, we show that artificial targeting of PITALRE to a nascent RNA element, in the absence of Tat, activated HIV-1 LTR expression. These results indicate that a PITALRE-containing complex mediates transactivation by Tat and suggest that Tat proteins function by localizing such a PITALRE-containing complex to the site of the transcribing provirus.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Division of Molecular Virology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030. Phone: (713) 798-5774. Fax: (713) 798-3490. E-mail: arice{at}bcm.tmc.edu.

J Virol, May 1998, p. 4448-4453, Vol. 72, No. 5
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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Copyright © 1998 by the American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.