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J Virol, May 1998, p. 4243-4249, Vol. 72, No. 5
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Chemokine Receptor Utilization by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Isolates That Replicate in Microglia

Joseph T. C. Shieh,1 Andrew V. Albright,1 Matthew Sharron,2 Suzanne Gartner,3 Julie Strizki,1 Robert W. Doms,2 and Francisco González-Scarano1,4,*

Departments of Neurology,1 Pathology and Laboratory Medicine,2 and Microbiology,4 University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University Medical School, Baltimore, Maryland3

Received 24 September 1997/Accepted 29 January 1998

The role of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) strain variability remains a key unanswered question in HIV dementia, a condition affecting around 20% of infected individuals. Several groups have shown that viruses within the central nervous system (CNS) of infected patients constitute an independently evolving subset of HIV strains. A potential explanation for the replication and sequestration of viruses within the CNS is the preferential use of certain chemokine receptors present in microglia. To determine the role of specific chemokine coreceptors in infection of adult microglial cells, we obtained a small panel of HIV type 1 brain isolates, as well as other HIV strains that replicate well in cultured microglial cells. These viruses and molecular clones of their envelopes were used in infections, in cell-to-cell fusion assays, and in the construction of pseudotypes. The results demonstrate the predominant use of CCR5, at least among the major coreceptors, with minor use of CCR3 and CXCR4 by some of the isolates or their envelope clones.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Clinical Research Building, 415 Curie Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104-6146. Phone: (215) 662-3389. Fax: (215) 573-2029. E-mail: Scarano{at}mail.med.upenn.edu.

J Virol, May 1998, p. 4243-4249, Vol. 72, No. 5
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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