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J Virol, March 1998, p. 2233-2245, Vol. 72, No. 3
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

A 2.9-Kilobase Noncoding Nuclear RNA Functions in the Establishment of Persistent Hz-1 Viral Infection

Yu-Chan Chao,1,* Song-Tay Lee,1,2 Ming-Chuan Chang,1,3 Hong-Hwa Chen,1,dagger Shih-Shun Chen,1,4 Tzong-Yuan Wu,1 Fu-Hwa Liu,1 Err-Lieh Hsu,2 and Roger F. Hou3

Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang,1 Branch of Entomology, Department of Plant Pathology and Entomology, National Taiwan University,2 and Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center,4 Taipei, and National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung,3 Taiwan, Republic of China

Received 12 June 1997/Accepted 18 November 1997

Differential viral gene expression during both productive and persistent infections of Hz-1 virus in insect cells was elucidated. Despite more than 100 viral transcripts being expressed during productive viral infection, massive viral gene shutoff was observed during viral persistency, leaving the 2.9-kb persistence-associated transcript 1 (PAT1) as the only detectable viral RNA. Persistence-associated gene 1 (pag1), which encodes PAT1, was cloned and found to contain no significant open reading frames. PAT1 is not associated with the cellular translation machinery and is located exclusively in the nucleus. Further experiments showed that PAT1 is functional in the establishment of persistent Hz-1 viral infection in the cells. All the evidence collectively indicates that PAT1 is a novel nuclear transcript of viral origin. Our results showed that although PAT1 and XIST RNA, a mammalian X-inactive specific transcript, are transcribed by different genes, they have interesting similarities.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China. Phone: 886-2-2788-2697. Fax: 886-2-2788-2697 or 886-2-2782-6085. E-mail: mbycchao{at}ccvax.sinica.edu.tw.

dagger Present address: Department of Biology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China.




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