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J Virol, March 1998, p. 2199-2207, Vol. 72, No. 3
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Autologous and Heterologous Neutralization Analyses of Primary Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Isolates

Daniela del Mauro, Donatella Matteucci, Simone Giannecchini, Fabrizio Maggi, Mauro Pistello, and Mauro Bendinelli*

Retrovirus Center and Virology Section, Department of Biomedicine, University of Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy

Received 12 September 1997/Accepted 4 December 1997

Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) provides a model system with which the significance of neutralizing antibody (NA) in immunosuppressive lentivirus infections may be studied. To date, no detailed analysis of the neutralization properties of primary FIV isolates has been reported. In this study, we have conducted the first comprehensive study of the sensitivity to autologous and heterologous neutralization in a lymphoid cell-based assay of 15 primary FIV isolates and, for comparison, of one tissue culture-adapted strain. Primary isolates in general proved highly NA resistant, although there was considerable individual variation. Variation was also observed in the capacity of immune sera to neutralize heterologous FIV isolates. The ability of sera to neutralize isolates or for isolates to be neutralized by sera did not correlate with epidemiological and genetic relatedness or with the quasispecies complexity of the isolates. From the study of specific-pathogen-free cats experimentally infected with viral isolates associated with NA of different breadths, it appears that the development of FIV vaccines cannot rely on the existence of viral strains inherently capable of inducing especially broad NA responses.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Dipartimento di Biomedicina, Università di Pisa, Via San Zeno 37, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Phone: 39-50-553562. Fax: 39-50-556455. E-mail: bendinelli{at}biomed.unipi.it.




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