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J Virol, March 1998, p. 1805-1813, Vol. 72, No. 3
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Polyadenylation of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus mRNA Dictates Efficient Transcription Termination at the Intercistronic Gene Junctions

Leroy N. Hwang, Nathan Englund, and Asit K. Pattnaik*

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136

Received 23 September 1997/Accepted 12 November 1997

The intercistronic gene junctions of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) contain conserved sequence elements that are important for polyadenylation and transcription termination of upstream transcript as well as reinitiation of transcription of downstream transcript. To examine the role of the putative polyadenylation signal 3'AUACU75' at the gene junctions in polyadenylation and transcription termination, we constructed plasmids encoding antigenomic minireplicons containing one or two transcription units. In plasmid-transfected cells, analyses of the bicistronic minireplicon containing the wild-type or mutant intercistronic gene junctions for the ability to direct synthesis of polyadenylated upstream, downstream, and readthrough mRNAs showed that the AUACU7 sequence element is required for polyadenylation of VSV mRNA. Deletion of AUAC or U7 resulted in templates that did not support polyadenylation of upstream mRNA. Interestingly, we found that the loss of polyadenylation function led to antitermination of the upstream transcript and resulted in a readthrough transcript that contained the upstream and downstream mRNA sequences. Mutations that blocked polyadenylation also blocked transcription termination and generated mostly readthrough transcript. Reverse transcription-PCR of readthrough transcripts and subsequent nucleotide sequencing of the amplified product revealed no extra adenosine residues at the junction of the readthrough transcript. These results indicate that polyadenylation is required for transcription termination of VSV mRNA. The intergenic dinucleotide GA did not appear to be necessary for transcription termination. Furthermore, we found that insertion of the polyadenylation signal sequence AUACU7 alone was sufficient to direct polyadenylation and efficient transcription termination at the inserted site. Taken together, the data presented here support the conclusion that polyadenylation is the major determinant of transcription termination at the intercistronic gene junctions of VSV.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami School of Medicine, P.O. Box 016960 (R-138), Miami, FL 33136. Phone: (305) 243-6711. Fax: (305) 243-4623. E-mail: apattnaik{at}mednet.med.miami.edu.




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