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J Virol, February 1998, p. 1108-1114, Vol. 72, No. 2
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Relative Importance of Rotavirus-Specific Effector and Memory B Cells in Protection against Challenge

Charlotte A. Moser,1,* Sarah Cookinham,2 Susan E. Coffin,1 H. Fred Clark,1 and Paul A. Offit1,3,4

Section of Infectious Diseases, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia,1 University of Pennsylvania,2 University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine,3 and Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology,4 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104

Received 17 June 1997/Accepted 23 October 1997

Adult BALB/c mice were orally inoculated with murine (strain EDIM), simian (strain RRV), or bovine (strain WC3) rotavirus. Six or 16 weeks after inoculation, mice were challenged with EDIM. At the time of challenge and in the days immediately following challenge, production of rotavirus-specific immunoglobulin A (IgA), IgG, and IgM by small intestinal lamina propria lymphocytes (LPL) was determined by fragment culture, and quantities of virus-specific antibodies at the intestinal mucosal surface were determined by intestinal lavage. Mice immunized with EDIM were completely protected against EDIM challenge both 6 and 16 weeks after immunization. Protection was associated with production of high levels of IgA by LPL and detection of virus-specific IgA at the intestinal mucosal surface. In addition, animals immunized and later challenged with EDIM did not develop a boost in antibody responses, suggesting that they were also not reinfected. We also found that in mice immunized with nonmurine rotaviruses, (i) quantities of virus-specific IgA generated following challenge were greater 16 weeks than 6 weeks after immunization, (ii) immunization enhanced the magnitude but did not hasten the onset of production of high quantities of virus-specific IgA by LPL after challenge, and (iii) immunization induced partial protection against challenge; however, protection was not associated with either production of virus-specific antibodies by LPL or detection of virus-specific antibodies at the intestinal mucosal surface.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Section of Infectious Diseases, Abramson Research Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Room 1205A, 34th St. and Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104. Phone: (215) 590-5152 or (215) 590-2186. Fax: (215) 590-2025. E-mail: Moser{at}chop.email.edu.




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