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Journal of Virology, December 1998, p. 10292-10297, Vol. 72, No. 12
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Morbillivirus Downregulation of CD46

Sareen E. Galbraith,1,2,* Ashok Tiwari,1,dagger Michael D. Baron,1 Brett T. Lund,1,Dagger Thomas Barrett,1 and S. Louise Cosby2

Institute for Animal Health, Pirbright Laboratory, Pirbright, Woking, Surrey GU24 ONF,1 and School of Biology and Biochemistry, The Queens University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL,2 United Kingdom

Received 20 March 1998/Accepted 24 July 1998

There is evidence that CD46 (membrane cofactor protein) is a cellular receptor for vaccine and laboratory-passaged strains of measles virus (MV). Following infection with these MV strains, CD46 is downregulated from the cell surface, and consequent complement-mediated lysis has been shown to occur upon infection of a human monocytic cell line. The MV hemagglutinin (H) protein alone is capable of inducing this downregulation. Some wild-type strains of MV fail to downregulate CD46, despite infection being prevented by anti-CD46 antibodies. In this study we show that CD46 is also downregulated to the same extent by wild-type, vaccine, and laboratory-passaged strains of rinderpest virus (RPV), although CD46 did not appear to be the receptor for RPV. Expression of the RPV H protein by a nonreplicating adenovirus vector was also found to cause this downregulation. A vaccine strain of peste des petits ruminants virus caused slight downregulation of CD46 in infected Vero cells, while wild-type and vaccine strains of canine distemper virus and a wild-type strain of dolphin morbillivirus failed to downregulate CD46. Downregulation of CD46 can, therefore, be a function independent of the use of this protein as a virus receptor.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: School of Biology and Biochemistry, The Queens University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom. Phone: 01232 272127. Fax: 01232 236505. E-mail: s.galbraith{at}qub.ac.uk.

dagger Present address: National Biotechnology Center, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, U.P. 243122, India.

Dagger Present address: Department of Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033.

Journal of Virology, December 1998, p. 10292-10297, Vol. 72, No. 12
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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