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Journal of Virology, November 1998, p. 9384-9391, Vol. 72, No. 11
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Mapping of Epitopes Exposed on Intact Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Virions: a New Strategy for Studying the Immunologic Relatedness of HIV-1

Phillipe N. Nyambi,1 Miroslaw K. Gorny,1 Lisa Bastiani,1 Guido van der Groen,2 Constance Williams,1 and Susan Zolla-Pazner1,3,*

Department of Pathology, New York University Medical Center, New York, New York 100161; Department of Microbiology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp B2000, Belgium2; and Research Center for AIDS and HIV Infection, VA Medical Center, New York, New York 100103

Received 17 April 1998/Accepted 28 July 1998

To study the antigenic conservation of epitopes of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates of different clades, the abilities of human anti-HIV-1 gp120 and gp41 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to bind to intact HIV-1 virions were determined by a newly developed virus-binding assay. Eighteen human anti-HIV MAbs, which were directed at the V2, V3 loop, CD4-binding domain (CD4bd), C5, or gp41 regions, were used. Nine HIV-1 isolates from clades A, B, D, F, G, and H were used. Microtiter wells were coated with the MAbs, after which virus was added. Bound virus was detected after lysis by testing for p24 antigen with a noncommercial p24 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The anti-V3 MAbs strongly bound the four clade B viruses and viruses from the non-B clades, although binding was weaker and more sporadic with the latter. The degrees of binding by the anti-V3 MAbs to CXCR4- and CCR5-tropic viruses were similar, suggesting that the V3 loops of these two categories of viruses are similarly exposed. The anti-C5 MAbs bound isolates of clades A, B, and D. Only weak and sporadic binding of all the viruses tested with anti-CD4bd, anti-V2, and anti-gp41 MAbs was detected. These results suggest that V3 and C5 structures are shared and well exposed on intact virions of different clades compared to the CD4bd, V2, and gp41 regions.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Rm. 18124N, 423 E. 23rd St., New York, NY 10010. Phone: (212) 263-6769. Fax: (212) 951-6321. E-mail: Zollas01{at}mcrcr6.med.nyu.edu.

Journal of Virology, November 1998, p. 9384-9391, Vol. 72, No. 11
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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