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Journal of Virology, November 1998, p. 9092-9100, Vol. 72, No. 11
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Studies of the Neutralizing Activity and Avidity of Anti-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Env Antibody Elicited by DNA Priming and Protein Boosting

J. F. L. Richmond,1 S. Lu,2 J. C. Santoro,1 J. Weng,1 Shiu-Lok Hu,3 D. C. Montefiori,4 and H. L. Robinson1,*

Department of Pathology1 and Department of Infectious Diseases,2 University of Massachusetts School of Medicine, Worcester, Massachusetts; Washington Regional Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington3; and Department of Surgery and Center for AIDS Research, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina4

Received 11 May 1998/Accepted 10 August 1998

DNA vaccination is an effective means of eliciting strong antibody responses to a number of viral antigens. However, DNA immunization alone has not generated persistent, high-titer antibody and neutralizing antibody responses to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein (Env). We have previously reported that DNA-primed anti-Env antibody responses can be augmented by boosting with Env-expressing recombinant vaccinia viruses. We report here that recombinant Env protein provides a more effective boost of DNA-initiated antibody responses. In rabbits primed with Env-expressing plasmids, protein boosting increased titer, persistence, neutralizing activity, and avidity of anti-Env responses. While titers increased rapidly after boosting, avidity and neutralizing activity matured more slowly over a 6-month period following protein boosting. DNA priming and protein immunization with HIV-1 HXB-2 Env elicited neutralizing antibody for T cell line-adapted, but not primary isolate, viruses. The most effective neutralizing antibody responses were observed after priming with plasmids which expressed noninfectious virus-like particles. In contrast to immunizations with HIV-1 Env, DNA immunizations with the influenza virus hemagglutinin glycoprotein did not require a protein boost to achieve high-titer antibody with good avidity and persistence.

* Corresponding author. Present address: Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes Primate Research Center, 954 Gatewood NE, Atlanta, GA 30329. Phone: (404) 727-7217. Fax: (404) 727-7768. E-mail: hrobins{at}rmy.emory.edu.

Journal of Virology, November 1998, p. 9092-9100, Vol. 72, No. 11
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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