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Journal of Virology, November 1998, p. 8517-8524, Vol. 72, No. 11
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Coronavirus Transcription Early in Infection

Sungwhan An, Akihiko Maeda, and Shinji Makino*

Department of Microbiology and Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1095

Received 18 May 1998/Accepted 24 July 1998

We studied the accumulation kinetics of murine coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) RNAs early in infection by using cloned MHV defective interfering (DI) RNA that contained an intergenic sequence from which subgenomic DI RNA is synthesized in MHV-infected cells. Genomic DI RNA and subgenomic DI RNA accumulated at a constant ratio from 3 to 11 h postinfection (p.i.) in the cells infected with MHV-containing DI particles. Earlier, at 1 h p.i., this ratio was not constant; only genomic DI RNA accumulated, indicating that MHV RNA replication, but not MHV RNA transcription, was active during the first hour of MHV infection. Negative-strand genomic DI RNA and negative-strand subgenomic DI RNA were first detectable at 1 and 3 h p.i., respectively, and the amounts of both RNAs increased gradually until 6 h p.i. These data showed that at 2 h p.i., subgenomic DI RNA was undergoing synthesis in the cells in which negative-strand subgenomic DI RNA was undetectable. These data, therefore, signify that negative-strand genomic DI RNA, but not negative-strand subgenomic DI RNA, was an active template for subgenomic DI RNA synthesis early in infection.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712-1095. Phone: (512) 471-6876. Fax: (512) 471-7088. E-mail: makino{at}mail.utexas.edu.

Journal of Virology, November 1998, p. 8517-8524, Vol. 72, No. 11
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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