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Journal of Virology, October 1998, p. 8453-8457, Vol. 72, No. 10
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

CXCR4 as a Functional Coreceptor for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection of Primary Macrophages

Graham Simmons,1,* Jacqueline D. Reeves,1 Áine McKnight,1 Nathalie Dejucq,1 Sam Hibbitts,1 Christine A. Power,2 Emma Aarons,3 Dominique Schols,4 Erik De Clercq,4 Amanda E. I. Proudfoot,2 and Paul R. Clapham1,*

Section of Virology, Chester Beatty Laboratories, Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB,1 and Department of Genito-urinary Medicine, Jefferiss Research Trust Laboratories, Imperial College School of Medicine at St. Mary's, London WL 1NY,3 United Kingdom; Serono Pharmaceutical Research Institute, 1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland2; and Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholiche Universiteit Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium4

Received 19 February 1998/Accepted 24 June 1998

The coreceptors used by primary syncytium-inducing (SI) human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates for infection of primary macrophages were investigated. SI strains using only CXCR4 replicated equally well in macrophages with or without CCR5 and were inhibited by several different ligands for CXCR4 including SDF-1 and bicyclam derivative AMD3100. SI strains that used a broad range of coreceptors including CCR3, CCR5, CCR8, CXCR4, and BONZO infected CCR5-deficient macrophages about 10-fold less efficiently than CCR5+ macrophages. Moreover, AMD3100 blocked infection of CCR5-negative macrophages by these strains. Our results therefore demonstrate that CXCR4, as well as CCR5, is used for infection of primary macrophages but provide no evidence for the use of alternative coreceptors.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address for Graham Simmons: Section of Virology, Chester Beatty Laboratories, Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, United Kingdom. Phone: 44-171-352-8133. Fax: 44-171-352-3299. E-mail: grahams{at}icr.ac.uk. Mailing address for Paul R. Clapham: Section of Virology, Chester Beatty Laboratories, Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, United Kingdom. Phone: 44-171-352-8133. Fax: 44-171-352-3299. E-mail: paulrc{at}icr.ac.uk.

Journal of Virology, October 1998, p. 8453-8457, Vol. 72, No. 10
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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