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Journal of Virology, October 1998, p. 8380-8383, Vol. 72, No. 10
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 Upregulates Functional CXCR4 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Coreceptors in U937 Minus Clones: NF-kappa B-Independent Enhancement of Viral Replication

Priscilla Biswas,1,* Manuela Mengozzi,1 Barbara Mantelli,1 Fanny Delfanti,2 Andrea Brambilla,1 Elisa Vicenzi,1 and Guido Poli1

AIDS Immunopathogenesis Unit, DIBIT,1 and Division of Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute,2 Milan, Italy

Received 8 June 1998/Accepted 14 July 1998

U937 cell clones which sustain efficient or poor replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) (referred to herein as plus clones and minus clones, respectively) have been previously described. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (vitamin D3) potently induced HIV-1 replication and proviral DNA accumulation in minus clones but not in plus clones. Vitamin D3 did not induce NF-kappa B activation but selectively upregulated CXCR4 expression in minus clones. The CXCR4 ligand stromal-cell derived factor-1 induced Ca2+ fluxes and inhibited both constitutive and vitamin D3-enhanced HIV replication in minus clones.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: P2-P3 Laboratories, DIBIT, Via Olgettina n. 58, 20132 Milan, Italy. Phone: 39-2-2643-4902. Fax: 39-2-2643-4905. E-mail: biswas.priscilla{at}hsr.it

Journal of Virology, October 1998, p. 8380-8383, Vol. 72, No. 10
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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