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Journal of Virology, October 1998, p. 7895-7899, Vol. 72, No. 10
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Mortality among Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2-Positive Villagers in Rural Guinea-Bissau Is Correlated with Viral Genotype

Nicholas C. Grassly,1,* Zheng Xiang,2 Koya Ariyoshi,3 Peter Aaby,4 Henrik Jensen,4 Maarten Schim van der Loeff,4 Francisco Dias,5 Hilton Whittle,3 and Judith Breuer2

Wellcome Trust Centre for the Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford,1 and Department of Medical Microbiology, St. Bartholomew's and The Royal London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London,2 United Kingdom; MRC Laboratories, Medical Research Council, Banjul, The Gambia, West Africa3; Department of Epidemiology, Staten Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark4; and Laboratorio Nacional de Sande Publica, Bissau, Guinea Bissau5

Received 30 January 1998/Accepted 17 June 1998

We present the results of a 6-year study of 131 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 2 (HIV-2)-infected individuals from a rural population in Guinea-Bissau. Proviral DNA sequences 1.3 kb in length were obtained from each individual and, together with clinical data, including proviral load and CD4 and CD8 levels, were used to assess whether viral genotype influences clinical outcome. With a phylogenetic model, a correlation was found between viral genotype and mortality; this correlation was not due to confounding factors, such as age-specific viral strains or cohabitation of patients. The data provide strong evidence for the involvement of viral genetic factors in determining HIV disease progression in vivo. The pattern of association found suggests that virulence factors are multiple and scattered throughout the HIV-2 genome and can be rapidly gained or lost by the virus through a combination of mutation and recombination. These findings may lead to the identification of viral determinants of HIV disease progression.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Wellcome Trust Centre for the Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Rd., Oxford OX1 3PS, United Kingdom. Phone: 44 1865 271263. Fax: 44 1865 310447. E-mail: nicholas.grassly{at}zoo.ox.ac.uk.

Journal of Virology, October 1998, p. 7895-7899, Vol. 72, No. 10
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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