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J. Virol., 08 1997, 5782-5789, Vol 71, No. 8
Copyright © 1997, American Society for Microbiology

Enhanced mucosal and systemic immune responses to intestinal reovirus infection in beta2-microglobulin-deficient mice

AS Major and CF Cuff
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown 26506, USA.

Enteric infection of mice with respiratory enteric orphan virus (reovirus) type 1, strain Lang elicits both humoral and cellular immune responses. To investigate the role of CD8+, alpha/beta T-cell receptor (TCR)+ T cells in mucosal immunity to an enteric pathogen, we examined immune responses and viral clearance following enteric reovirus infection in C57BL/6, B6129F2, and beta2-microglobulin-deficient (beta2m-/-) mice. Analysis of Peyer's patch and lamina propria culture supernatants revealed a two- to threefold increase in levels of reovirus-specific immunoglobulin A in beta2m-/- mice compared to normal controls. These data corresponded to a similar increase in the frequency of virus-specific immunoglobulin A-producing cells in Peyer's patches and lamina propria and an increase in immunoglobulin G- producing cells in spleens from beta2m-/- mice compared to controls. These increased humoral immune responses were not due to a difference in B-cell populations because cell counts and flow cytometric analyses showed that beta2m-/- and control mice had similar numbers and percentages of B cells in mucosal and systemic tissues. Analysis of cytokine message by reverse transcriptase-PCR 5 and 10 days after infection revealed no difference in message level for transforming growth factor beta, gamma interferon, interleukin-4, interleukin-5, or interleukin-6 for all mouse strains. Virus tissue titers determined by plaque assay at 5 and 10 days after infection demonstrated that beta2m- /- mice cleared reovirus from the small intestines with the same efficiency as control mice. Collectively, these data suggest that CD8+, alpha/beta TCR+ T cells may regulate mucosal and systemic humoral immune responses to oral infection with reovirus.

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