This Article Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Reprints and Permissions Copyright Information Books from ASM Press MicrobeWorld Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Kitchen, S. G. Articles by Zack, J. A. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Kitchen, S. G. Articles by Zack, J. A.

Next Article 

J. Virol., Aug 1997, 5713-5722, Vol 71, No. 8
Copyright © 1997, American Society for Microbiology

Mechanism of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 localization in CD4- negative thymocytes: differentiation from a CD4-positive precursor allows productive infection

SG Kitchen, CH Uittenbogaart and JA Zack
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine, 90095, USA.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection of the thymus could have profound effects on development of the immune response, particularly in children. We and others have established that in addition to infecting and depleting CD4-bearing thymocytes, functional HIV proviruses are found in thymocytes lacking surface CD4 expression. Using in vitro thymocyte cultures, we show that neither HIV-mediated down regulation of CD4 nor CD4-independent infection contributes to the localization of HIV in cells lacking the primary virus receptor. Rather, infection of a CD4-positive precursor cell (CD4 positive/CD8 positive) with subsequent differentiation into a mature CD4-negative phenotype results in productively infected CD4-negative cells. This novel mechanism may contribute to pathogenesis by distributing viral sequences into functional subsets of T cells typically refractory to HIV infection and could account for the presence of viral DNA in CD8-positive lymphocytes recently observed in patients.

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Burke, B., Brown, H. J., Marsden, M. D., Bristol, G., Vatakis, D. N., Zack, J. A. (2007). Primary Cell Model for Activation-Inducible Human Immunodeficiency Virus. J. Virol. 81: 7424-7434 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Marsden, M. D., Zack, J. A. (2007). Human Immunodeficiency Virus Bearing a Disrupted Central DNA Flap Is Pathogenic In Vivo. J. Virol. 81: 6146-6150 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Arlen, P. A., Brooks, D. G., Gao, L. Y., Vatakis, D., Brown, H. J., Zack, J. A. (2006). Rapid Expression of Human Immunodeficiency Virus following Activation of Latently Infected Cells. J. Virol. 80: 1599-1603 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Potter, S. J., Lemey, P., Achaz, G., Chew, C. B., Vandamme, A.-M., Dwyer, D. E., Saksena, N. K. (2004). HIV-1 compartmentalization in diverse leukocyte populations during antiretroviral therapy. J. Leukoc. Biol. 76: 562-570 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kitchen, S. G., Jones, N. R., LaForge, S., Whitmire, J. K., Vu, B.-A., Galic, Z., Brooks, D. G., Brown, S. J., Kitchen, C. M. R., Zack, J. A. (2004). CD4 on CD8+ T cells directly enhances effector function and is a target for HIV infection. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101: 8727-8732 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Gurney, K. B., Yang, O. O., Wilson, S. B., Uittenbogaart, C. H. (2002). TCR{gamma}{delta}+ and CD161+ Thymocytes Express HIV-1 in the SCID-hu Mouse, Potentially Contributing to Immune Dysfunction in HIV Infection. J. Immunol. 169: 5338-5346 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Pedroza-Martins, L., Boscardin, W. J., Anisman-Posner, D. J., Schols, D., Bryson, Y. J., Uittenbogaart, C. H. (2002). Impact of Cytokines on Replication in the Thymus of Primary Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Isolates from Infants. J. Virol. 76: 6929-6943 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Brooks, D. G., Zack, J. A. (2002). Effect of Latent Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection on Cell Surface Phenotype. J. Virol. 76: 1673-1681 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Igarashi, T., Brown, C. R., Byrum, R. A., Nishimura, Y., Endo, Y., Plishka, R. J., Buckler, C., Buckler-White, A., Miller, G., Hirsch, V. M., Martin, M. A. (2002). Rapid and Irreversible CD4+ T-Cell Depletion Induced by the Highly Pathogenic Simian/Human Immunodeficiency Virus SHIVDH12R Is Systemic and Synchronous. J. Virol. 76: 379-391 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Imlach, S., McBreen, S., Shirafuji, T., Leen, C., Bell, J. E., Simmonds, P. (2001). Activated Peripheral CD8 Lymphocytes Express CD4 In Vivo and Are Targets for Infection by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1. J. Virol. 75: 11555-11564 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Llano, A., Barretina, J., Gutierrez, A., Blanco, J., Cabrera, C., Clotet, B., Este, J. A. (2001). Interleukin-7 in Plasma Correlates with CD4 T-Cell Depletion and May Be Associated with Emergence of Syncytium-Inducing Variants in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Positive Individuals. J. Virol. 75: 10319-10325 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• McBreen, S., Imlach, S., Shirafuji, T., Scott, G. R., Leen, C., Bell, J. E., Simmonds, P. (2001). Infection of the CD45RA+ (Naive) Subset of Peripheral CD8+ Lymphocytes by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 In Vivo. J. Virol. 75: 4091-4102 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• AGOSTINI, C., FACCO, M., SIVIERO, M., CAROLLO, D., GALVAN, S., CATTELAN, A. M., ZAMBELLO, R., TRENTIN, L., SEMENZATO, G. (2000). CXC Chemokines IP-10 and Mig Expression and Direct Migration of Pulmonary CD8+/CXCR3+ T Cells in the Lungs of Patients with HIV Infection and T-Cell Alveolitis. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 162: 1466-1473 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Blaak, H., van't Wout, A. B., Brouwer, M., Hooibrink, B., Hovenkamp, E., Schuitemaker, H. (2000). In vivo HIV-1 infection of CD45RA+CD4+ T cells is established primarily by syncytium-inducing variants and correlates with the rate of CD4+ T cell decline. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97: 1269-1274 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Knutsen, A. P., Roodman, S. T., Freeman, J. J., Mueller, K. R., Bouhasin, J. D. (1999). Inhibition of Thymopoiesis of CD34+ Cell Maturation by HIV-1 in an In Vitro CD34+ Cell and Thymic Epithelial Organ Culture Model. Stem Cells 17: 327-338 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chêne, L., Nugeyre, M.-T., Guillemard, E., Moulian, N., Barré-Sinoussi, F., Israël, N. (1999). Thymocyte-Thymic Epithelial Cell Interaction Leads to High-Level Replication of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Exclusively in Mature CD4+ CD8- CD3+ Thymocytes: a Critical Role for Tumor Necrosis Factor and Interleukin-7. J. Virol. 73: 7533-7542 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chêne, L., Nugeyre, M.-T., Barré-Sinoussi, F., Israël, N. (1999). High-Level Replication of Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Thymocytes Requires NF-kappa B Activation through Interaction with Thymic Epithelial Cells. J. Virol. 73: 2064-2073 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Pedroza-Martins, L., Gurney, K. B., Torbett, B. E., Uittenbogaart, C. H. (1998). Differential Tropism and Replication Kinetics of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Isolates in Thymocytes: Coreceptor Expression Allows Viral Entry, but Productive Infection of Distinct Subsets Is Determined at the Postentry Level. J. Virol. 72: 9441-9452 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kitchen, S. G., Korin, Y. D., Roth, M. D., Landay, A., Zack, J. A. (1998). Costimulation of Naive CD8+ Lymphocytes Induces CD4 Expression and Allows Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection. J. Virol. 72: 9054-9060 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Jamieson, B. D., Zack, J. A. (1998). In Vivo Pathogenesis of a Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reporter Virus. J. Virol. 72: 6520-6526 [Abstract] [Full Text]