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J. Virol., 11 1997, 8141-8148, Vol 71, No. 11
R Shibata, C Siemon, SC Czajak, RC Desrosiers and MA Martin
Three rhesus macaques, previously immunized with SIVdelta3 or SIVdelta2,
each an attenuated derivative of SIVmac239, and two naive monkeys were
challenged with 30,000 50% tissue culture infective doses of SHIV, an
SIV/human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) chimeric virus bearing the
dual-tropic envelope of HIV-1DH12. By several criteria, including virus
isolation, serological assays, and PCR (both DNA and reverse
transcriptase), SHIV levels were reduced to barely detectable levels in the
circulating blood of vaccinated animals. The resistant SIV-vaccinated
macaques had no preexisting neutralizing antibodies directed against SHIV,
nor did they produce neutralizing antibodies at any time over a 14-month
observation period following SHIV challenge. Interestingly, SIV sequences,
derived from the vaccine, could be amplified from numerous tissue samples
collected at the conclusion of the experiment, 60 weeks postchallenge, but
SHIV-specific sequences (viz., HIV-1 env) could not. These results
demonstrate that live attenuated SIV vaccines provide strong long-term
protection even against challenge strains with highly divergent envelope
sequences.
Copyright © 1997, American Society for Microbiology
Live, attenuated simian immunodeficiency virus vaccines elicit potent resistance against a challenge with a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 chimeric virus
Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
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