J. Virol., 05 1996, 2876-2882, Vol 70, No. 5
Copyright © 1996, American Society for Microbiology

Open reading frame 5 of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus as a cause of virus-induced apoptosis

P Suarez, M Diaz-Guerra, C Prieto, M Esteban, JM Castro, A Nieto and J Ortin
Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia, Madrid, Spain.

The gene product of open reading frame 5 (p25) of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus has been expressed by coinfection of culture cells with vaccinia virus expressing the T7 RNA polymerase and a recombinant vaccinia virus encoding the open reading frame 5 gene under the T7 promoter and the encephalomyocarditis virus internal ribosome entry site. In spite of the reported efficiency of the expression system, very poor accumulation of p25 protein was observed and a strong cytotoxicity was produced in the doubly infected cells. This cell toxicity was shown to occur by induction of apoptosis, as indicated by nucleosome ladder formation, chromatin condensation, and rRNA degradation. Apoptosis induction was also observed after infection of cultured cells with an adapted PRRS virus strain and after infection of swine macrophage cells with a PRRS virus field strain. Contrary to the observations made for other cases of virus-induced apoptosis, we could not prevent p25 protein-induced apoptosis by using a cell line permanently expressing Bcl-2 protein.

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Guerra, S., Lopez-Fernandez, L. A., Garcia, M. A., Zaballos, A., Esteban, M. (2006). Human Gene Profiling in Response to the Active Protein Kinase, Interferon-induced Serine/threonine Protein Kinase (PKR), in Infected Cells: INVOLVEMENT OF THE TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR ATF-3 IN PKR-INDUCED APOPTOSIS. J. Biol. Chem. 281: 18734-18745 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Escobar, J., Van Alstine, W. G., Baker, D. H., Johnson, R. W. (2004). Decreased Protein Accretion in Pigs with Viral and Bacterial Pneumonia Is Associated with Increased Myostatin Expression in Muscle. J. Nutr. 134: 3047-3053 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Labrada, L., Bodelon, G., Vinuela, J., Benavente, J. (2002). Avian Reoviruses Cause Apoptosis in Cultured Cells: Viral Uncoating, but Not Viral Gene Expression, Is Required for Apoptosis Induction. J. Virol. 76: 7932-7941 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Feng, W.-h., Laster, S. M., Tompkins, M., Brown, T., Xu, J.-S., Altier, C., Gomez, W., Benfield, D., McCaw, M. B. (2001). In Utero Infection by Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Is Sufficient To Increase Susceptibility of Piglets to Challenge by Streptococcus suis Type II. J. Virol. 75: 4889-4895 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Banerjee, S., An, S., Zhou, A., Silverman, R. H., Makino, S. (2000). RNase L-Independent Specific 28S rRNA Cleavage in Murine Coronavirus-Infected Cells. J. Virol. 74: 8793-8802 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Samsom, J. N., de Bruin, T. G. M., Voermans, J. J. M., Meulenberg, J. J. M., Pol, J. M. A., Bianchi, A. T. J. (2000). Changes of leukocyte phenotype and function in the broncho-alveolar lavage fluid of pigs infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: a role for CD8+ cells. J. Gen. Virol. 81: 497-505 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• An, S., Chen, C.-J., Yu, X., Leibowitz, J. L., Makino, S. (1999). Induction of Apoptosis in Murine Coronavirus-Infected Cultured Cells and Demonstration of E Protein as an Apoptosis Inducer. J. Virol. 73: 7853-7859 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Gil, J., Alcami, J., Esteban, M. (1999). Induction of Apoptosis by Double-Stranded-RNA-Dependent Protein Kinase (PKR) Involves the alpha  Subunit of Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 2 and NF-kappa B. Mol. Cell. Biol. 19: 4653-4663 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Eleouet, J.-F., Chilmonczyk, S., Besnardeau, L., Laude, H. (1998). Transmissible Gastroenteritis Coronavirus Induces Programmed Cell Death in Infected Cells through a Caspase-Dependent Pathway. J. Virol. 72: 4918-4924 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Massie, B., Couture, F., Lamoureux, L., Mosser, D. D., Guilbault, C., Jolicoeur, P., Belanger, F., Langelier, Y. (1998). Inducible Overexpression of a Toxic Protein by an Adenovirus Vector with a Tetracycline-Regulatable Expression Cassette. J. Virol. 72: 2289-2296 [Abstract] [Full Text]