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J Virol. 1971 January; 7(1): 71-76
Copyright © 1971 American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Mechanism of Synthesis of Vaccinia Virus Double-Stranded Ribonucleic Acid In Vivo and In Vitro

Department of Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92037
Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80302

ABSTRACT

The synthesis of vaccinia virus double-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA) in infected HeLa cells was sensitive to actinomycin D, suggesting that a deoxyribonucleic acid dependent reaction is involved. Some double-stranded RNA was made in the presence of cytosine arabinoside in infected cells. Double-stranded and complementary RNA were synthesized in vitro by using vaccinia cores. These two observations indicate that some of the double-stranded RNA is read from "early" genes. The double-stranded RNA synthesized in vitro had the same properties as that made in vivo. At least 70% of the double-stranded RNA made in vivo was in ribonuclease-resistant form prior to sodium dodecyl sulfate-phenol extraction. In addition, there was a complementary RNA in infected cells which could be converted to double-stranded RNA by annealing.

¹ Senior Dernham Postdoctoral Fellow of the American Cancer Society. Present address: Division of Biological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Microbiology Section, Storrs, Conn. 06268.

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