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J. Virol., 04 1995, 2208-2213, Vol 69, No. 4
Z Bi and CS Reiss
Inhibitory effects of nitric oxide (NO) on vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)
infection were investigated by using a VSV-susceptible mouse neuroblastoma
cell line, NB41A3. Productive VSV infection of NB41A3 cells was
significantly inhibited by an organic NO donor, S-nitro-N-
acetylpenicillamine (SNAP), while the control compound N-
acetylpenicillamine (NAP) had no effect. Survival rate of VSV-infected
cells was greatly increased by the treatment with SNAP, while the NAP
treatment did not have any effect. Adding SNAP 30 min prior to infection
resulted in complete inhibition of viral production when a low multiplicity
of infection (MOI) was used. Substantial inhibition of viral production was
also obtained with treating cells 6 h earlier before infection with a
higher MOI. Activating the neuronal NO synthase by treating cells with
N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) led to significant inhibition of viral
production by cells infected at the three doses of virus tested (MOIs of
0.1, 1, and 5). The inhibitory effect of NMDA on viral infection was
totally blocked by the NO synthase inhibitor N- methyl-L-arginine. However,
adding hemoglobin, a strong NO-binding protein and thus an inactivator of
NO activity, did not reverse the NMDA-induced inhibition of viral
production, suggesting that NO might exert its antiviral effects inside the
NO-producing cells. Collectively, these data support the anti-VSV effects
of NO, which might be one of the important factors of natural immunity in
controlling the initial stages of VSV infection in the central nervous
system.
Copyright © 1995, American Society for Microbiology
Inhibition of vesicular stomatitis virus infection by nitric oxide
Department of Biology, New York University, New York 10003-5181.
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