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J. Virol., Feb 1995, 910-915, Vol 69, No. 2
N Harris, RM Buller and G Karupiah
Gamma interferon (IFN-gamma)-induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and
nitric oxide (NO) production in the murine macrophage-like RAW 264.7 cells
were previously shown to inhibit the replication of the poxviruses vaccinia
virus (VV) and ectromelia virus and herpes simplex virus type 1. In the
current study, we performed biochemical analyses to determine the stage in
the viral life cycle blocked by IFN-gamma- induced NO. Antibodies specific
for temporally expressed viral proteins, a VV-specific DNA probe, and
transmission electron microscopy were used to show that the
cytokine-induced NO inhibited late protein synthesis, DNA replication, and
virus particle formation but not expression of the early proteins analyzed.
Essentially similar results were obtained with hydroxyurea and cytosine
arabinoside, inhibitors of DNA replication. Enzymatically active iNOS was
detected in the lysates of IFN-gamma-treated but not in untreated RAW 264.7
cells. The IFN- gamma-treated RAW 264.7 cells which express iNOS not only
were resistant to productive infection but also efficiently blocked the
replication of VV in infected bystander cells of epithelial origin. This
inhibition was arginine dependent, correlated with nitric production in
cultures, and was reversible by the NOS inhibitor N omega-
monomethyl-L-arginine.
Copyright © 1995, American Society for Microbiology
Gamma interferon-induced, nitric oxide-mediated inhibition of vaccinia virus replication
Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
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