This Article Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Reprints and Permissions Copyright Information Books from ASM Press MicrobeWorld Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Rieder, E Articles by Mason, P W Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Rieder, E Articles by Mason, P W

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

J Virol. 1993 September; 67(9): 5139-5145

Genetically engineered foot-and-mouth disease viruses with poly(C) tracts of two nucleotides are virulent in mice.

Plum Island Animal Disease Center, North Atlantic Area, Agricultural Research Service, Greenport, New York 11944-0848.

ABSTRACT

To determine the role of the poly(C) tract found at the 5' end of the genome of foot-and-mouth disease virus, synthetic RNAs (in vitro transcripts) with poly(C) tracts of different lengths have been produced and evaluated. RNAs with poly(C) tracts of 35, 25, 16, 6, or 2 residues displayed similar specific infectivities in baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells. Viruses recovered from cells transfected with in vitro transcripts containing 6 to 35 Cs had properties similar to those of the wild-type virus in cell culture, and poly(C) tracts present in the synthetic RNA-derived viruses ranged from 75 to 140 bases in length. Viruses recovered from transcripts containing only two Cs showed very different properties. Specifically, viruses grew to much lower levels in cell culture and maintained a poly(C) tract of only two residues. The pool of viruses harvested from cells transfected with the synthetic C2 RNA also contained a small amount of a virus with a 42-base deletion in the region of the poly(C) tract, which appeared to have arisen by recombination. Taken together, these data suggest that recombination provides the mechanism of poly(C) elongation and that viruses with poly(C) tracts over 75 bases in length have a selective advantage in cell culture. Interestingly, all of the in vitro transcript-derived viruses [including viruses with poly(C) tracts of only two residues] were equally virulent in mice, indicating that poly(C) tract length has no effect on virulence in this animal model.

This article has been cited by other articles:

• de los Santos, T., Diaz-San Segundo, F., Grubman, M. J. (2007). Degradation of Nuclear Factor Kappa B during Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Infection. J. Virol. 81: 12803-12815 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Vagnozzi, A., Stein, D. A., Iversen, P. L., Rieder, E. (2007). Inhibition of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Infections in Cell Cultures with Antisense Morpholino Oligomers. J. Virol. 81: 11669-11680 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Li, J., Zhang, C., Jostock, T., Dubel, S. (2007). Analysis of IgG heavy chain to light chain ratio with mutant Encephalomyocarditis virus internal ribosome entry site. Protein Eng Des Sel 0: gzm038v1-6 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• de los Santos, T., de Avila Botton, S., Weiblen, R., Grubman, M. J. (2006). The Leader Proteinase of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Inhibits the Induction of Beta Interferon mRNA and Blocks the Host Innate Immune Response. J. Virol. 80: 1906-1914 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Rieder, E., Henry, T., Duque, H., Baxt, B. (2005). Analysis of a Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Type A24 Isolate Containing an SGD Receptor Recognition Site In Vitro and Its Pathogenesis in Cattle. J. Virol. 79: 12989-12998 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• O'Donnell, V., LaRocco, M., Duque, H., Baxt, B. (2005). Analysis of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Internalization Events in Cultured Cells. J. Virol. 79: 8506-8518 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Carrillo, C., Tulman, E. R., Delhon, G., Lu, Z., Carreno, A., Vagnozzi, A., Kutish, G. F., Rock, D. L. (2005). Comparative Genomics of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus. J. Virol. 79: 6487-6504 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Bautista, E. M., Ferman, G. S., Gregg, D., Brum, M. C. S., Grubman, M. J., Golde, W. T. (2005). Constitutive Expression of Alpha Interferon by Skin Dendritic Cells Confers Resistance to Infection by Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus. J. Virol. 79: 4838-4847 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Duque, H., LaRocco, M., Golde, W. T., Baxt, B. (2004). Interactions of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus with Soluble Bovine {alpha}V{beta}3 and {alpha}V{beta}6 Integrins. J. Virol. 78: 9773-9781 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Grubman, M. J., Baxt, B. (2004). Foot-and-Mouth Disease. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 17: 465-493 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• van Rensburg, H. G., Henry, T. M., Mason, P. W. (2004). Studies of genetically defined chimeras of a European type A virus and a South African Territories type 2 virus reveal growth determinants for foot-and-mouth disease virus. J. Gen. Virol. 85: 61-68 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Pacheco, J. M., Henry, T. M., O'Donnell, V. K., Gregory, J. B., Mason, P. W. (2003). Role of Nonstructural Proteins 3A and 3B in Host Range and Pathogenicity of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus. J. Virol. 77: 13017-13027 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Baranowski, E., Molina, N., Nunez, J. I., Sobrino, F., Saiz, M. (2003). Recovery of Infectious Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus from Suckling Mice after Direct Inoculation with In Vitro-Transcribed RNA. J. Virol. 77: 11290-11295 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Zhao, Q., Pacheco, J. M., Mason, P. W. (2003). Evaluation of Genetically Engineered Derivatives of a Chinese Strain of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Reveals a Novel Cell-Binding Site Which Functions in Cell Culture and in Animals. J. Virol. 77: 3269-3280 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Duque, H., Baxt, B. (2003). Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Receptors: Comparison of Bovine {alpha}V Integrin Utilization by Type A and O Viruses. J. Virol. 77: 2500-2511 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Nateri, A. S., Hughes, P. J., Stanway, G. (2002). Terminal RNA Replication Elements in Human Parechovirus 1. J. Virol. 76: 13116-13122 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Mason, P. W., Bezborodova, S. V., Henry, T. M. (2002). Identification and Characterization of a cis-Acting Replication Element (cre) Adjacent to the Internal Ribosome Entry Site of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus. J. Virol. 76: 9686-9694 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chinsangaram, J., Koster, M., Grubman, M. J. (2001). Inhibition of L-Deleted Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Replication by Alpha/Beta Interferon Involves Double-Stranded RNA-Dependent Protein Kinase. J. Virol. 75: 5498-5503 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Knowles, N. J., Davies, P. R., Henry, T., O'Donnell, V., Pacheco, J. M., Mason, P. W. (2001). Emergence in Asia of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Viruses with Altered Host Range: Characterization of Alterations in the 3A Protein. J. Virol. 75: 1551-1556 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Neff, S., Mason, P. W., Baxt, B. (2000). High-Efficiency Utilization of the Bovine Integrin alpha vbeta 3 as a Receptor for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Is Dependent on the Bovine beta 3 Subunit. J. Virol. 74: 7298-7306 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Beard, C. W., Mason, P. W. (2000). Genetic Determinants of Altered Virulence of Taiwanese Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus. J. Virol. 74: 987-991 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chinsangaram, J., Piccone, M. E., Grubman, M. J. (1999). Ability of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus To Form Plaques in Cell Culture Is Associated with Suppression of Alpha/Beta Interferon. J. Virol. 73: 9891-9898 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Baranowski, E., Sevilla, N., Verdaguer, N., Ruiz-Jarabo, C. M., Beck, E., Domingo, E. (1998). Multiple Virulence Determinants of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus in Cell Culture. J. Virol. 72: 6362-6372 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Neff, S., Sa-Carvalho, D., Rieder, E., Mason, P. W., Blystone, S. D., Brown, E. J., Baxt, B. (1998). Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Virulent for Cattle Utilizes the Integrin alpha vbeta 3 as Its Receptor. J. Virol. 72: 3587-3594 [Abstract] [Full Text]