This Article Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Reprints and Permissions Copyright Information Books from ASM Press MicrobeWorld Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Flemington, E Articles by Speck, S H Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Flemington, E Articles by Speck, S H

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

J Virol. 1990 March; 64(3): 1217-1226

Identification of phorbol ester response elements in the promoter of Epstein-Barr virus putative lytic switch gene BZLF1.

Division of Tumor Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.

ABSTRACT

The product of the Epstein-Barr virus BZLF1 gene encodes a protein which is related to c-fos, it has been shown to bind specifically to a consensus AP-1 site, and its expression in latently Epstein-Barr virus-infected lymphocytes is sufficient to trigger the viral lytic cycle. We identified several elements within the BZLF1 promoter (Zp) which are responsive to the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), an inducer of the viral lytic cycle. These elements fall into two classes based on the factors which bind to these sequences and their resulting functional behavior. Four of the elements are homologous (ZI elements) and share homology to a protein-binding domain in the promoter region of the coordinately expressed BRLF1 gene. When cloned upstream of heterologous promoters, the ZI elements function as silencers which exhibit TPA-inducible enhancer activity. A distinct TPA-responsive element (ZII) is located near the TATA box and shares homology with the AP-1-binding site in the c-jun promoter. A synthetic oligonucleotide with a sequence corresponding to the ZII element effectively competes for binding of nuclear factors to the c-jun AP-1 site. Furthermore, we found that a complex of c-jun and c-fos bound to the ZII domain.

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Lee, Y.-H., Chiu, Y.-F., Wang, W.-H., Chang, L.-K., Liu, S.-T. (2008). Activation of the ERK signal transduction pathway by Epstein-Barr virus immediate-early protein Rta. J. Gen. Virol. 89: 2437-2446 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Countryman, J. K., Gradoville, L., Miller, G. (2008). Histone Hyperacetylation Occurs on Promoters of Lytic Cycle Regulatory Genes in Epstein-Barr Virus-Infected Cell Lines Which Are Refractory to Disruption of Latency by Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors. J. Virol. 82: 4706-4719 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Sun, C. C., Thorley-Lawson, D. A. (2007). Plasma Cell-Specific Transcription Factor XBP-1s Binds to and Transactivates the Epstein-Barr Virus BZLF1 Promoter. J. Virol. 81: 13566-13577 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Feng, W.-h., Kraus, R. J., Dickerson, S. J., Lim, H. J., Jones, R. J., Yu, X., Mertz, J. E., Kenney, S. C. (2007). ZEB1 and c-Jun Levels Contribute to the Establishment of Highly Lytic Epstein-Barr Virus Infection in Gastric AGS Cells. J. Virol. 81: 10113-10122 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Bhende, P. M., Dickerson, S. J., Sun, X., Feng, W.-H., Kenney, S. C. (2007). X-Box-Binding Protein 1 Activates Lytic Epstein-Barr Virus Gene Expression in Combination with Protein Kinase D. J. Virol. 81: 7363-7370 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Wen, W., Iwakiri, D., Yamamoto, K., Maruo, S., Kanda, T., Takada, K. (2007). Epstein-Barr Virus BZLF1 Gene, a Switch from Latency to Lytic Infection, Is Expressed as an Immediate-Early Gene after Primary Infection of B Lymphocytes. J. Virol. 81: 1037-1042 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Huang, J., Liao, G., Chen, H., Wu, F. Y., Hutt-Fletcher, L., Hayward, G. S., Hayward, S. D. (2006). Contribution of C/EBP Proteins to Epstein-Barr Virus Lytic Gene Expression and Replication in Epithelial Cells. J. Virol. 80: 1098-1109 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Feng, W.-h., Cohen, J. I., Fischer, S., Li, L., Sneller, M., Goldbach-Mansky, R., Raab-Traub, N., Delecluse, H.-J., Kenney, S. C. (2004). Reactivation of Latent Epstein-Barr Virus by Methotrexate: A Potential Contributor to Methotrexate-Associated Lymphomas. JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst 96: 1691-1702 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lin, Z., Yin, Q., Flemington, E. (2004). Identification of a Negative Regulatory Element in the Epstein-Barr Virus Zta Transactivation Domain That Is Regulated by the Cell Cycle Control Factors c-Myc and E2F1. J. Virol. 78: 11962-11971 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lavens, S., Faust, E. A., Lu, F., Jacob, M., Leta, M., Lieberman, P. M., Pure, E. (2004). Identification of Protein Tyrosine Kinases Required for B-Cell- Receptor-Mediated Activation of an Epstein-Barr Virus Immediate-Early Gene Promoter. J. Virol. 78: 8543-8551 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hong, G. K., Delecluse, H.-J., Gruffat, H., Morrison, T. E., Feng, W.-H., Sergeant, A., Kenney, S. C. (2004). The BRRF1 Early Gene of Epstein-Barr Virus Encodes a Transcription Factor That Enhances Induction of Lytic Infection by BRLF1. J. Virol. 78: 4983-4992 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Wu, F. Y., Wang, S. E., Chen, H., Wang, L., Hayward, S. D., Hayward, G. S. (2004). CCAAT/Enhancer Binding Protein {alpha} Binds to the Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) ZTA Protein through Oligomeric Interactions and Contributes to Cooperative Transcriptional Activation of the ZTA Promoter through Direct Binding to the ZII and ZIIIB Motifs during Induction of the EBV Lytic Cycle. J. Virol. 78: 4847-4865 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Li, Y., Webster-Cyriaque, J., Tomlinson, C. C., Yohe, M., Kenney, S. (2004). Fatty Acid Synthase Expression Is Induced by the Epstein-Barr Virus Immediate-Early Protein BRLF1 and Is Required for Lytic Viral Gene Expression. J. Virol. 78: 4197-4206 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Wang, S. E., Wu, F. Y., Chen, H., Shamay, M., Zheng, Q., Hayward, G. S. (2004). Early Activation of the Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus RTA, RAP, and MTA Promoters by the Tetradecanoyl Phorbol Acetate-Induced AP1 Pathway. J. Virol. 78: 4248-4267 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Feng, W.-h., Hong, G., Delecluse, H.-J., Kenney, S. C. (2004). Lytic Induction Therapy for Epstein-Barr Virus-Positive B-Cell Lymphomas. J. Virol. 78: 1893-1902 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Johansen, L. M., Deppmann, C. D., Erickson, K. D., Coffin, W. F. III, Thornton, T. M., Humphrey, S. E., Martin, J. M., Taparowsky, E. J. (2003). EBNA2 and Activated Notch Induce Expression of BATF. J. Virol. 77: 6029-6040 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Thomas, C., Dankesreiter, A., Wolf, H., Schwarzmann, F. (2003). The BZLF1 promoter of Epstein-Barr virus is controlled by E box-/HI-motif-binding factors during virus latency. J. Gen. Virol. 84: 959-964 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kraus, R. J., Perrigoue, J. G., Mertz, J. E. (2002). ZEB Negatively Regulates the Lytic-Switch BZLF1 Gene Promoter of Epstein-Barr Virus. J. Virol. 77: 199-207 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Miller, I. G. Jr., El-Guindy, A. (2002). Regulation of Epstein-Barr Virus Lytic Cycle Activation in Malignant and Nonmalignant Disease. JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst 94: 1733-1735 [Full Text]  
• Gutierrez, M. I., Ibrahim, M. M., Dale, J. K., Greiner, T. C., Straus, S. E., Bhatia, K. (2002). Discrete Alterations in the BZLF1 Promoter in Tumor and Non-Tumor-Associated Epstein-Barr Virus. JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst 94: 1757-1763 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Binne, U. K., Amon, W., Farrell, P. J. (2002). Promoter Sequences Required for Reactivation of Epstein-Barr Virus from Latency. J. Virol. 76: 10282-10289 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Bryant, H., Farrell, P. J. (2002). Signal Transduction and Transcription Factor Modification during Reactivation of Epstein-Barr Virus from Latency. J. Virol. 76: 10290-10298 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Liang, C.-L., Chen, J.-L., Hsu, Y.-P. P., Ou, J. T., Chang, Y.-S. (2002). Epstein-Barr Virus BZLF1 Gene Is Activated by Transforming Growth Factor-beta through Cooperativity of Smads and c-Jun/c-Fos Proteins. J. Biol. Chem. 277: 23345-23357 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Gradoville, L., Kwa, D., El-Guindy, A., Miller, G. (2002). Protein Kinase C-Independent Activation of the Epstein-Barr Virus Lytic Cycle. J. Virol. 76: 5612-5626 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Rodriguez, A., Jung, E. J., Flemington, E. K. (2001). Cell Cycle Analysis of Epstein-Barr Virus-Infected Cells following Treatment with Lytic Cycle-Inducing Agents. J. Virol. 75: 4482-4489 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Inman, G. J., Binné, U. K., Parker, G. A., Farrell, P. J., Allday, M. J. (2001). Activators of the Epstein-Barr Virus Lytic Program Concomitantly Induce Apoptosis, but Lytic Gene Expression Protects from Cell Death. J. Virol. 75: 2400-2410 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kraus, R. J., Mirocha, S. J., Stephany, H. M., Puchalski, J. R., Mertz, J. E. (2001). Identification of a Novel Element Involved in Regulation of the Lytic Switch BZLF1 Gene Promoter of Epstein-Barr Virus. J. Virol. 75: 867-877 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Fahmi, H., Cochet, C., Hmama, Z., Opolon, P., Joab, I. (2000). Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 Stimulates Expression of the Epstein-Barr Virus BZLF1 Immediate-Early Gene Product ZEBRA by an Indirect Mechanism Which Requires the MAPK Kinase Pathway. J. Virol. 74: 5810-5818 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Liu, S., Pavlova, I. V., Virgin, H. W. IV, Speck, S. H. (2000). Characterization of Gammaherpesvirus 68 Gene 50 Transcription. J. Virol. 74: 2029-2037 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Adamson, A. L., Darr, D., Holley-Guthrie, E., Johnson, R. A., Mauser, A., Swenson, J., Kenney, S. (2000). Epstein-Barr Virus Immediate-Early Proteins BZLF1 and BRLF1 Activate the ATF2 Transcription Factor by Increasing the Levels of Phosphorylated p38 and c-Jun N-Terminal Kinases. J. Virol. 74: 1224-1233 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ragoczy, T., Miller, G. (1999). Role of the Epstein-Barr Virus Rta Protein in Activation of Distinct Classes of Viral Lytic Cycle Genes. J. Virol. 73: 9858-9866 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Menet, A., Speth, C., Larcher, C., Prodinger, W. M., Schwendinger, M. G., Chan, P., Jäger, M., Schwarzmann, F., Recheis, H., Fontaine, M., Dierich, M. P. (1999). Epstein-Barr Virus Infection of Human Astrocyte Cell Lines. J. Virol. 73: 7722-7733 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Adamson, A. L., Kenney, S. (1999). The Epstein-Barr Virus BZLF1 Protein Interacts Physically and Functionally with the Histone Acetylase CREB-Binding Protein. J. Virol. 73: 6551-6558 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Monini, P., Carlini, F., Stürzl, M., Rimessi, P., Superti, F., Franco, M., Melucci-Vigo, G., Cafaro, A., Goletti, D., Sgadari, C., Butto', S., Leone, P., Leone, P., Chiozzini, C., Barresi, C., Tinari, A., Bonaccorsi, A., Capobianchi, M. R., Giuliani, M., di Carlo, A., Andreoni, M., Rezza, G., Ensoli, B. (1999). Alpha Interferon Inhibits Human Herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) Reactivation in Primary Effusion Lymphoma Cells and Reduces HHV-8 Load in Cultured Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells. J. Virol. 73: 4029-4041 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ragoczy, T., Heston, L., Miller, G. (1998). The Epstein-Barr Virus Rta Protein Activates Lytic Cycle Genes and Can Disrupt Latency in B Lymphocytes. J. Virol. 72: 7978-7984 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Baumann, M., Mischak, H., Dammeier, S., Kolch, W., Gires, O., Pich, D., Zeidler, R., Delecluse, H.-J., Hammerschmidt, W. (1998). Activation of the Epstein-Barr Virus Transcription Factor BZLF1 by 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-Acetate-Induced Phosphorylation. J. Virol. 72: 8105-8114 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Liu, P., Liu, S., Speck, S. H. (1998). Identification of a Negative cis Element within the ZII Domain of the Epstein-Barr Virus Lytic Switch BZLF1 Gene Promoter. J. Virol. 72: 8230-8239 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chang, P.-J., Chang, Y.-S., Liu, S.-T. (1998). Role of Rta in the Translation of Bicistronic BZLF1 of Epstein-Barr Virus. J. Virol. 72: 5128-5136 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Jenson, H. B., Grant, G. M., Ench, Y., Heard, P., Thomas, C. A., Hilsenbeck, S. G., Moyer, M. P. (1998). Immunofluorescence Microscopy and Flow Cytometry Characterization of Chemical Induction of Latent Epstein-Barr Virus. CVI 5: 91-97 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Prang, N. S., Hornef, M. W., Jager, M., Wagner, H. J., Wolf, H., Schwarzmann, F. M. (1997). Lytic Replication of Epstein-Barr Virus in the Peripheral Blood: Analysis of Viral Gene Expression in B Lymphocytes During Infectious Mononucleosis and in the Normal Carrier State. Blood 89: 1665-1677 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Pollock, R, Treisman, R (1991). Human SRF-related proteins: DNA-binding properties and potential regulatory targets.. Genes Dev. 5: 2327-2341 [Abstract]