This Article Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Reprints and Permissions Copyright Information Books from ASM Press MicrobeWorld Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Klimkait, T Articles by Orenstein, J M Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Klimkait, T Articles by Orenstein, J M

The human immunodeficiency virus type 1-specific protein vpu is required for efficient virus maturation and release.

Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.

ABSTRACT

A deletion mutation affecting vpu was introduced into an infectious molecular clone of human immunodeficiency virus type 1, and the resultant phenotype was examined after infection of human T lymphocytes. The absence of vpu resulted in an accumulation of cell-associated viral proteins and impaired the release of progeny virions. Both electron microscopic and biochemical analyses indicated that a large proportion of the mutant particles was attached to the surface of infected cells. Significant variation in the size and shape of these progeny virions was observed. In addition, intracytoplasmic particles, some of which formed aberrant budding structures, were visualized in T cells infected with the vpu mutant. Indirect immunofluorescence analyses of cultures inoculated with wild-type virus with use of a vpu-specific antiserum demonstrated that vpu is mainly localized to a perinuclear region in the cytoplasm of virus-producing cells.

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Hussain, A., Wesley, C., Khalid, M., Chaudhry, A., Jameel, S. (2008). Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Vpu Protein Interacts with CD74 and Modulates Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II Presentation. J. Virol. 82: 893-902 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Anderson, J. L., Johnson, A. T., Howard, J. L., Purcell, D. F. J. (2007). Both Linear and Discontinuous Ribosome Scanning Are Used for Translation Initiation from Bicistronic Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 env mRNAs. J. Virol. 81: 4664-4676 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Harila, K., Prior, I., Sjoberg, M., Salminen, A., Hinkula, J., Suomalainen, M. (2006). Vpu and tsg101 regulate intracellular targeting of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 core protein precursor pr55gag.. J. Virol. 80: 3765-3772 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Sakai, K., Dimas, J., Lenardo, M. J. (2006). The Vif and Vpr accessory proteins independently cause HIV-1-induced T cell cytopathicity and cell cycle arrest. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103: 3369-3374 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chan, W.-E., Lin, H.-H., Chen, S. S.-L. (2005). Wild-Type-Like Viral Replication Potential of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Envelope Mutants Lacking Palmitoylation Signals. J. Virol. 79: 8374-8387 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Derrien, M., Pizzato, N., Dolcini, G., Menu, E., Chaouat, G., Lenfant, F., Barre-Sinoussi, F., Bouteiller, P. L. (2004). Human immunodeficiency virus 1 downregulates cell surface expression of the non-classical major histocompatibility class I molecule HLA-G1. J. Gen. Virol. 85: 1945-1954 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ewart, G. D., Nasr, N., Naif, H., Cox, G. B., Cunningham, A. L., Gage, P. W. (2004). Potential New Anti-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Compounds Depress Virus Replication in Cultured Human Macrophages. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 48: 2325-2330 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Becker, C. F. W., Oblatt-Montal, M., Kochendoerfer, G. G., Montal, M. (2004). Chemical Synthesis and Single Channel Properties of Tetrameric and Pentameric TASPs (Template-assembled Synthetic Proteins) Derived from the Transmembrane Domain of HIV Virus Protein u (Vpu). J. Biol. Chem. 279: 17483-17489 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Besnard-Guerin, C., Belaidouni, N., Lassot, I., Segeral, E., Jobart, A., Marchal, C., Benarous, R. (2004). HIV-1 Vpu Sequesters {beta}-Transducin Repeat-containing Protein ({beta}TrCP) in the Cytoplasm and Provokes the Accumulation of {beta}-Catenin and Other SCF{beta}TrCP Substrates. J. Biol. Chem. 279: 788-795 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Varthakavi, V., Smith, R. M., Bour, S. P., Strebel, K., Spearman, P. (2003). Viral protein U counteracts a human host cell restriction that inhibits HIV-1 particle production. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100: 15154-15159 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Komoto, S., Tsuji, S., Ibrahim, M. S., Li, Y.-G., Warachit, J., Taniguchi, K., Ikuta, K. (2003). The Vpu Protein of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Plays a Protective Role against Virus-Induced Apoptosis in Primary CD4+ T Lymphocytes. J. Virol. 77: 10304-10313 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Gould, S. J., Booth, A. M., Hildreth, J. E. K. (2003). The Trojan exosome hypothesis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100: 10592-10597 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ma, C., Marassi, F. M., Jones, D. H., Straus, S. K., Bour, S., Strebel, K., Schubert, U., Oblatt-Montal, M., Montal, M., Opella, S. J. (2002). Expression, purification, and activities of full-length and truncated versions of the integral membrane protein Vpu from HIV-1. Protein Sci. 11: 546-557 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Akari, H., Bour, S., Kao, S., Adachi, A., Strebel, K. (2001). The Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Accessory Protein Vpu Induces Apoptosis by Suppressing the Nuclear Factor {kappa}B-dependent Expression of Antiapoptotic Factors. J. Exp. Med. 194: 1299-1312 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Sanz, M. A., Carrasco, L. (2001). Sindbis Virus Variant with a Deletion in the 6K Gene Shows Defects in Glycoprotein Processing and Trafficking: Lack of Complementation by a Wild-Type 6K Gene in trans. J. Virol. 75: 7778-7784 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Watanabe, T., Watanabe, S., Ito, H., Kida, H., Kawaoka, Y. (2001). Influenza A Virus Can Undergo Multiple Cycles of Replication without M2 Ion Channel Activity. J. Virol. 75: 5656-5662 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ikuta, K., Suzuki, S., Horikoshi, H., Mukai, T., Luftig, R. B. (2000). Positive and Negative Aspects of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Protease: Development of Inhibitors versus Its Role in AIDS Pathogenesis. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 64: 725-745 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Gummuluru, S., Kinsey, C. M., Emerman, M. (2000). An In Vitro Rapid-Turnover Assay for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Replication Selects for Cell-to-Cell Spread of Virus. J. Virol. 74: 10882-10891 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Schubert, U., Ott, D. E., Chertova, E. N., Welker, R., Tessmer, U., Princiotta, M. F., Bennink, J. R., Krausslich, H.-G., Yewdell, J. W. (2000). Proteasome inhibition interferes with Gag polyprotein processing, release, and maturation of HIV-1 and HIV-2. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97: 13057-13062 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Accola, M. A., Strack, B., Göttlinger, H. G. (2000). Efficient Particle Production by Minimal Gag Constructs Which Retain the Carboxy-Terminal Domain of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Capsid-p2 and a Late Assembly Domain. J. Virol. 74: 5395-5402 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Marassi, F. M., Ma, C., Gratkowski, H., Straus, S. K., Strebel, K., Oblatt-Montal, M., Montal, M., Opella, S. J. (1999). Correlation of the structural and functional domains in the membrane protein Vpu from HIV-1. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96: 14336-14341 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Bour, S., Perrin, C., Strebel, K. (1999). Cell Surface CD4 Inhibits HIV-1 Particle Release by Interfering with Vpu Activity. J. Biol. Chem. 274: 33800-33806 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Srinivasakumar, N., Schuening, F. G. (1999). A Lentivirus Packaging System Based on Alternative RNA Transport Mechanisms To Express Helper and Gene Transfer Vector RNAs and Its Use To Study the Requirement of Accessory Proteins for Particle Formation and Gene Delivery. J. Virol. 73: 9589-9598 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hamm, T. E., Rekosh, D., Hammarskjöld, M.-L. (1999). Selection and Characterization of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Mutants That Are Resistant to Inhibition by the Transdominant Negative RevM10 Protein. J. Virol. 73: 5741-5747 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Schubert, U., Bour, S., Willey, R. L., Strebel, K. (1999). Regulation of Virus Release by the Macrophage-Tropic Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 AD8 Isolate Is Redundant and Can Be Controlled by either Vpu or Env. J. Virol. 73: 887-896 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Casella, C. R., Rapaport, E. L., Finkel, T. H. (1999). Vpu Increases Susceptibility of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Infected Cells to Fas Killing. J. Virol. 73: 92-100 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Grovit-Ferbas, K., Ferbas, J., Gudeman, V., Sadeghi, S., Goetz, M. B., Giorgi, J. V., Chen, I. S. Y., O'Brien, W. A. (1998). Potential Contributions of Viral Envelope and Host Genetic Factors in a Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Infected Long-Term Survivor. J. Virol. 72: 8650-8658 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chen, H., Yip, Y. K., George, I., Tyorkin, M., Salik, E., Sperber, K. (1998). Chronically HIV-1-Infected Monocytic Cells Induce Apoptosis in Cocultured T Cells. J. Immunol. 161: 4257-4267 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Callahan, M. A., Handley, M. A., Lee, Y.-H., Talbot, K. J., Harper, J. W., Panganiban, A. T. (1998). Functional Interaction of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Vpu and Gag with a Novel Member of the Tetratricopeptide Repeat Protein Family. J. Virol. 72: 5189-5197 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Schubert, U., Anton, L. C., Cox, J. H., Bour, S., Bennink, J. R., Orlowski, M., Strebel, K., Yewdell, J. W. (1998). CD4 Glycoprotein Degradation Induced by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Vpu Protein Requires the Function of Proteasomes and the Ubiquitin-Conjugating Pathway. J. Virol. 72: 2280-2288 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Paul, M., Mazumder, S., Raja, N., Jabbar, M. A. (1998). Mutational Analysis of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Vpu Transmembrane Domain That Promotes the Enhanced Release of Virus-Like Particles from the Plasma Membrane of Mammalian Cells. J. Virol. 72: 1270-1279 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kerkau, T., Bacik, I., Bennink, J. R., Yewdell, J. W., Hunig, T., Schimpl, A., Schubert, U. (1997). The Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Vpu Protein Interferes with an Early Step in the Biosynthesis of Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Class I Molecules. J. Exp. Med. 185: 1295-1306 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Bour, S., Perrin, C., Akari, H., Strebel, K. (2001). The Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Vpu Protein Inhibits NF-kappa B Activation by Interfering with beta TrCP-mediated Degradation of Ikappa B. J. Biol. Chem. 276: 15920-15928 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Rousso, I., Mixon, M. B., Chen, B. K., Kim, P. S. (2000). Palmitoylation of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein is critical for viral infectivity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97: 13523-13525 [Abstract] [Full Text]