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J Virol. 1970 April; 5(4): 513-523
Copyright © 1970 American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Morphology and Entry of Enveloped and Deenveloped Equine Abortion (Herpes) Virus

Department of Microbiology, University of Mississippi School of Medicine, Jackson, Mississippi 39216

ABSTRACT

Selective removal of the envelope of equine abortion (herpes) virus was accomplished by utilizing the nonionic detergent Nonidet P-40 followed by sonic treatment. The deenveloped particles differ significantly in size and buoyant density from the enveloped form. The cellular entry of purified enveloped and purified deenveloped virus was examined by electron microscopy during critical time periods. Both forms appeared to enter cells by a viropexis mechanism in which particles were engulfed by pseudopodia which either surround the virus and fuse with the cell membrane or to other pseudopodia, forming fusion vacuoles containing from one to numerous viral particles. This mode of entry was noted extensively at 5 min postinoculation. Deenveloped particles were apparently infectious only for hamsters, with a large inoculum being required. Contamination by enveloped forms was not noted after exhaustive search by electron microscopy.