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J Virol. 1970 February; 5(2): 237-246
Copyright © 1970 American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Characterization of Inducible Bacteriophages in Bacillus licheniformis

Wai M. Huang1 and Julius Marmur

Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461

ABSTRACT

Two morphologically distinct and physically separable defective phages have been found in Bacillus licheniformis NRS 243 after induction by mitomycin C. One of them (PBLB) is similar to the defective phage PBSX of B. subtilis, which has a density of 1.373 g/cm3 in CsCl and a sedimentation coefficient of 160S. PBLB incorporates into its head mainly bacterial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) which has a sedimentation coefficient of 22S and a buoyant density in CsCl of 1.706 g/cm3. The other phage (PBLA) has a morphology similar to the temperate phage {varphi}105 of B. subtilis; the head diameter is about 66 nm, and it possesses a long and noncontractile tail. PBLA has a density of 1.484 g/cm3 in CsCl and the phage-specific DNA, which is exclusively synthesized after induction by mitomycin C, has a density of 1.701 g/cm3. PBLA DNA is double-stranded and has a sedimentation coefficient of 36S, corresponding to a molecular weight of 34 x 106 to 35 x 106 daltons. The phage DNA has one interruption per single strand, giving single-stranded segments with molecular weights of 13 x 106 and 4 x 106 daltons. Common sequences between the two phage DNA species and with their host DNA have been demonstrated by DNA-DNA hybridization studies. Both phage particles kill sensitive bacteria. However, all attempts thus far to find an indicator strain to support plaque formation have been unsuccessful.

FOOTNOTES

1 Present address: Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif. 94345.

J Virol. 1970 February; 5(2): 237-246
Copyright © 1970 American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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